| Adhesion and rolling of leucocytes to arterial endothelial cells and subsequent immigrating and transendothelial infiltration mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) is thought to be an important step in the injury of vascular endothelial cells and in the forming or development of atherosclerosis. There are increasing date have shown that the levels of different kinds of serum specific cell adhesion molecules are enhanced in diabetic patients and associated with the progressing of the diabetes mellitus and be seen as early and effective predictors of the endothelial dysfunction. E-selectin and vascular cell molecule -1(VCAM-1) are the important CAMs in the process. However, relationship between the serum concentrations of CAMs and patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is rarely reported. The purpose of this study is to investigate the serum concentrations of E-selectin and VCAM-lin the IGT patients and to explore the correlation of E-selectin and VCAM-1 with essential hypertension and/or dyslipidema, obesity so as to identify and study the endothelial cells damaging and dysfunction in the patients with IGT.Subjects and methodsA total of 62 IGT patients, who diagnosed by a 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 38 men and 28 women, aged from 45 to 70 with an average of 56.8+6.1 years, were selected as case group. According to information of hypertension and/or dyslipidemia, IGT without or with essential hypertension and/or dyslipidemia were grouped as IGT, (21cases) and IGT2(41eases), respectively. The same, IGT patients were subdivided into two groups by the results of IGT with or without obesity, that was obese group (IGT3, 12 cases) and nonobese group (IGT4, 50 cases). In additional, 14 men and 10 women, aged from 48 to 68(means 55.1+5.1 years), who with normal glucose tolerance were served as healthy group; 23 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), 14 men and 9 women, aged from 47 to 70 ( means 57. 7+6. 8 years) were selected as control group. All subjects excluded from infection, stress, tumor and other immunity diseases. Among NGT, none of them was hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity.Weights, heights, blood pressure and levels of plasma lipid were recorded. Samples of venous blood were taken from three groups, and, then measured the serum concentrations of sE-selectin and sVCAM-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results1, sVCAM-1 in the IGT group was significantly higher than in the NGT group (t=4.19,p<0.01), but there was no difference between the IGT group and DM group (p=0.34); sE-selectin in the IGT group was less than in the DM group(t=4.8,p<0.01),but did not differ from in the NGT group(p=0.78).2. sE-selectin and sVCAM-1 in the IGT, group were not significantly different from in the IGT2 group(p=0.8 and p=0.48, respectively). sE-selectin in the IGT, group and in the IGT2 group also did not differ from in the NOT group(p=0.8 and p=0.5,respectively.); but sVCAM-1 in the IGT, group and in the IGT2 group were higher than in the NGT group(IGT1 Vs NGT,t=3.76,p<0.01; IGT2 Vs NGT,t=4.08,p<0.01).3. sE-selectin in the IGT3 group was higher than in the IGT4 group(t=3.26,p=0.02<0.05); but there was no difference for sVCAM-1 in the IGT3 group compared with in the IGT4 group (p=0.7).4. The concentrations of sE-selectin and sVCAM-1 in DM group were higher than in the NGT group. (t=3.8,p<0.01 and t=4.4,p<0.01,respectively.).ConclusionThe experimental results demonstrated that the expression of some specific cell adhesion molecules in the patients with IGT were augment and possibly has led to vascular endothelial cells dysfunction. Different kinds stimulus, in hyperglycemia status, result in different effect due to different sensitivity and specialty. The presence of high serum concentrations of sVCAM-1 was observed in the IGT patients; however, with existence of sustained hyperglycemia and progressing of DM, the change of serum levels of sE-selectin is more significance. Obesity may influence the expression of sE-selectin in IGT patients.
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