| Purpose: The study is undertaken in two specific environments: taking a tank as the confined armored space and the highland at 3658meters above sea level. The field experimental of bomb explosion and gunshot were adopted to wound sheep in confined armored space and pigs that rapidly advance towards high altitude. Harmful gas, temperature, blast superpressure within cabin and the injury situation of body and eye after the high-explosion weapon within confined armored space as well as the indirect ocular injury and the change of PH, PCO2, BE, O2SAT%, PO2 in arterial blood before and after wound of the high-velocity gunshot of pig's hindlimb advancing rapidly towards high altitude were observed. The specific environmental (confined armored space and highland) effects on ocular trauma after being shot by different weapons and the relationship between the characteristics of ocular trauma and the wounding effect of the different weapons were explored. It is provide experimental evidences for defense-and-treatment of ocular trauma in the structure of cabin and rapidly advancing highland environment.The study includes two parts:Experiment I: study on the ocular trauma in the confined armored cabin.Experiment II: study on the indirect ocular injury of rapidly advanced highland pig's hindlimb wounded by high-velocity gunshot.Methods:Experiment I: 60 health sheep were divided into 4 groups and put into a tank separately. 105mm high-energy bomb (for Group I), Haishuang 37mm armour-piercing explosive fire bomb (for Group II), 12.7mm armour-piercing fire bomb (for Group III) were used to shot the tank forearmour. Furthermore, antitank mine (for Group IV) was used to burst tank. At the same time temperature,harmful gas,blast superpressure and its lasting time in the cabin before and after the explosion were measured. After wounded, the eyes were checked immediately. 24h right after wounded, we killed animals to observe the whole body in general and inspect the eyes by light microscope and electron microscope. Experiment II: 30 plain pigs were delivered to highland at 3658meters' altitudewithin 2 hours. 72h after entering the highland, 28 pigs were shot at right limbs with 534musket at the distance of 10 meters and the bullet speed was measured at the same time. 1h before the wound and 1, 6, 24h after the wound.we measured the vigor, then killed pigs at 24h after wounded to observe the whole body in general and inspect eyes by light microscope and electron microscope. Results Experiment I: 1. The changes of temperature,harmful gas,blast superpressure and its lasting time as well as injury situation of whole body after weapon explosion.(1) Group I :The temperature was increased 7.01℃ at average. Nitrogen oxides, SO2 and CO were 20ppm, 15ppm and 465ppm. The blast superpressure was 62.3kPa at average. The lasting time was 3.9ms at average The wounded rate of 16 sheep was 100 percent. The wounded parts are mainly located at breast and abdomen. Costa press track, spot blood in lung and endocardium without fragment wounded in lung were appeared in 6 sheep.(2) Group II: The temperature was increased 4.62℃ at average. Nitrogen oxides, SO2 and CO were 5.5ppm, 4ppm and 65ppm. The blast superpressure was 31.5 kPa at average. The lasting time was 3.4ms at average. Comparing with group I, .the blast superpressure and lasting time was lower(P<0.05). The wounded rate of 16 sheep was 100 percent. The wounded parts were mainly located at breast and abdomen. Spot blood in lung and endocardium without fragment wounded in lung were appeared in 3 sheep.(3) Group III: The temperature was increased 1.85℃ at average. Nitrogen oxides, SO2 and CO were 2ppm, 0.15ppm and 2ppm. The blast superpressure was 3.6 kPa at average. The lasting time was 3.4ms at average. Comparing with group I, .the blast superpressure and lasting time was lower(P<0.01). The wounded rate of 16 sheep was 50 percent. The wounded parts were mainly located at breast and abdomen. (4) Group IV: The blast superpressure was 18.1 kPa...
|
PDF Full Text Request