The Cross-sectional Study On The Blood Pressure In Preschool Children Aged 3～6 Years

Objective To explore the distribution and trends of development of blood pressure, to explore the affecting factors of blood pressure, to explore the tamperament traits and the relationship between the tamperament traits and blood pressure in preschool children. Methods 1251 preschool children aged 3-6 in three districts of the city of ChaoHu were investigated in July.2003, using a clustered random sampling method. Professional measured the blood pressure and made the questionnaire , and each child was tested with Parent Temperament Questionnaire(PTQ) designed by New York Longitudinal Study (NYLS) at the same time. Result 1 The distribution of the blood pressure in preschool children is normal distribution .The differences of SBP and DBP are both statistically significant (p<0.01) between the 3-year-old groop and the 5-6-year-old groop. The value of blood pressure has the increasing trend with the increase of age. The prevalence of hypertension is 5.0% in male and 7.3% in female respectively. There isn't significant difference between different sexes. 2 By monfactorial analysis, the blood is probably related with age, height, weight, pulse, birth weight, average income of the family, parents' education, father's profession, the frequency of eating fruits, brushing tooth and washing hands, and father's hypertension history, etc (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that height, pulse and average income are entered the equation. While the thickness of sebum, age and time span of mother pregnancy, the way of delivery and the source of potable water aren't related with the blood pressure in preschool children. 3 There is signifcant difference with the score of the avoidance between different age group (P<0.05), and there is significant difference with the scores of the activty level, rhythmicity, mood and threshold between different sex (P<0.05). But the scores of dimensions else showed no difference. All analysesshowed that there isn't relationship between blood pressure and tamperament traits in preschool children. Conclusions The value of blood pressure is normal distribution and has the increasing trend with the increase of age in preschool children aged 3-6. The prevalence of hypertension is 5.9%(95% CI 4.6-7.2). Such factors as status of children's up-growth, lack of nutrition during pregnancy, inheritance., economy status of the family, environment, deeds and hygienic habits, have effect on the blood pressure in preshool children. There are some differences with the tamperament traits in different age and sex in preschool children, but the diference is more obvious in sex than in age. So we suggest that 110,70mmHg should be regarded as the reference value standard when diagnosising hypertension of the children aged 3-6 in the rural. And think that preventation of hypertension should be conducted from children and there is great significance for preventing hypertension by advocating proportional nutrition during pregnance, improving economy status and developing children's good habits. And believe it should be nessecery that some time is needed to answer the question whether there is relationship between blood pressure and tamperament traits in preschool children.