A Study On Marrow Stromal Cells In Periodontal Tissue Engineering

The ultimate aim of periodontal treatment is periodontal regeneration or forming new attachment apparatus which is one of the hotspot of periodontology. Tissue engineering has been introduced into the field of periodontology, which contribute a new vista to periodontal regeneration. One of the important parts of tissue engineering is finding proper seeded cells. Autogenous periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) is expected to be the ideal seeded cells. However, there are also some disadvantages for PDLCs to be seeded cells, for example , extraction is necessary to obtain PDLCs, which is difficult to carry out in clinic. Marrow stromal cell (MSCs) has potential of multiple differentiation like PDLCs. Being seeded cells of periodontal tissue engineering MSCs has some advantages including abundant source, easy to obtain, less injury to body compared with PDLCs. In this study, to evaluate the effects of MSCs in periodontal regeneration, MSCs of dogs were cultured in vitro and were implanted to artificial furcation defects combined with cuttlebone-transformed-hydroxyapatite (CBHA). The feasibility of MSCs as seeded cells of periodontal tissue engineering was discussed.This study may provide a new method of periodontal regeneration.Method: MSCs of dogs obtained from dogs' iliac crest were cultured. During the culture, the growth and biological characteristic of MSCs were observed by cell morphological survey, cell growth curve, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) stain and Von Kossa stain. MSCs were placed into artificial furcation defects combined with CBHA. Immunohistochemical stain and histological observation were carried to evaluate the effects of MSCs in periodontal regeneration. The distributing of MSCs in regenerate tissue was observed by cell labeling.Result: MSCs of dogs obtained from dogs' iliac crest could be cultured in vitro under certain condition and express osteoblastic characteristic after being cultured in induced culture media. Periodontal regeneration was promoted by MSCs combined with CBHA. MSCs were distributing in regenerate tissue including alveolar bone, cementum, periodontal ligament.Conclusion: MSCs can be seeded cells of periodontal tissue engineering.