| Chronic bronchitis (CB) is a common airway disease of high incidence rate that threats human health. As regards to its etiology, air pollution, smoking, and airway infection have shown close relationships. But, the body immunological status may well play a more important role in the initiation and the progress of CB. Thus regulating the body immunological state is a critical role in the prevention and therapy of CB.Several studies of bronchial biopsy specimens and bronchoalveoar lavage fluid (BALF) from subjects with chronic bronchitis have provided evidences for a inflammatory and immunological impairment progress in the airway of these subjects, consisting predominantly of mononuclear cells and neutrophils. In these studies, cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- ), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are of particular interest. Meanwhile, cell adhesion molecules such as intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and L-Selection, and Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-B) have also been shown close attention.Based on the theoretic research, we designed the experiments to observe the effects of Triterpene acids of Loquat. Leaf (TAL) on rat CB model which duplicated by combination of Bacillus Calmette Guein (BCG) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected through caudal vein and endotracheal intubation respectively. The main contents were devided into some sections as follows: 1. Anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory actions of TALTAL(75, 225, 675 mg -kg-1, ig) could significantly inhibit the mice ear edema, the rat palm swelling and the rat cotton pellet granuloma induced by dimethylbenzene,carregeenin, and cotton pellet wool respectively. The primary inflammatory and secondary inflammatory reaction (secondary swelling , multiple arthritis and pathologic change of ankle arthritis) reaction in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) were also inhibited by TAL. The results showed TFS had a remarkable anti-inflammatory action.TAL(75, 225, 675mg kg-1, ig) apparently improved carbonic clearances of macrophages (PM ) and the hemolysin level in serum and splencyte in mice immunosuppressed by Cy. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTK), which was suppressed by cyclophosphamid (Cy), was enhanced by TAL(75, 225, 675mg kg-1, ig) in mice. These results suggested TAL could recover nonspecific, humoral and cellular immune function in mice with immunosuppression. Moreover, TAL(675mg kg-1, ig) significantly increased both CD4+ and CD8+ cell, especially influenced on CD4+ cell, which rendered the ascending ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cell. These results suggested that the immunoregulatory actions of TAL might be related to its function of regulating T cell subgroup.TAL(0.005-50mg L-1) could not only increase ConA and LPS induced splenocytes proliferation and IL-2 production of splenocytes, but also reduce the elevated IL-1 production from peritoned macrophate (PM ) in AA rats in vitro.2. The antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic actions of TALTAL (75, 225, 675 mg kg-1, ig) could not only prolong the cough latent period and decrease the frequency of cough in mice, but also promote phenolsulfonphthalein excretion. Moreover, TAL (45, 135, 405mg kg-1, ig) could prolong the cough latent period and asthma incubation period, reduce the cough frequency, and increase the bronchoalveolar lavage amounts of guinea- pigs in vitro.The results showed TAL had strong antitussive, expectorant and anti-asthmatic actions.3. Establishment of chronic bronchitis rat model by combined utilization of BacillusCalmette-Guerin (BCG) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)Through combining utilization of BCG (5mg, injected through caudal vein) and LPS (200 g, injected through endotracheal intubation), the typical morphologic changes of chronic bronchitis were induced after 3 weeks.The results showed that chronic bronchitis rat model established by combining utilization of BCG and LPS is convenient and simple for the longitudinal study on the mechanism of initiation and progress of chronic bronchit...
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