| Objective: To observe the changes of visual acuity (VA) , multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after successful idiopathic macular hole (IMH) surgery, evaluate the efficiency of vitreotomy and analyze the relationships of those.Methods: 18 eyes of 18 patients with successful vitreotomy for IMH were collected. They were examined by VA, mfERG, OCT preoperatively and 1,3, 6, 12 months postoperatively. The results were analyzed compared to 25 eyes of control group.Result: (1) Postoperatively 17 eyes (94.44%) had anatomic closure of the macular hole confirmed by OCT in 1 month and no recurrence in 12 months. Just 1 eye (5.56%) failed in closure. (2) VA of IMH eyes improved significantly postoperatively especially during 6 months than preoperatively (P<0.01). (3) Before operation the mfERG topographies of IMH eyes seem like volcanoes because the response densities of wave PI of ring 1 and ring 2 were lower than control group while the other three rings kept in normal. After surgeon center peaks of mfERG topographies reappeared little by little during 1 year, the response densities of wave P] of ring 1 and ring 2 were higher than before (P<0.05) but still lower than control group (P<0.05). (4) The thickness of fovea retina nerve epithelium layer (FRNEL) measured by OCT of 17 eyes with anatomic closure was no longer varied and kept lower than control group throughout the follow-up time (P<0.01). (5) One year postoperatively there were positive correlations between VA and mfERG and FRNEL (P<0.01).Conclusions: Vitreotomy is useful for IMH, which can be evaluated by VA, mfERG and OCT correctly.
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