Expressions Of Bax And TGFβ₁ In Different Phases Of Children Hemangioma And Their Significance

Objective: Apoptosis is a process of cells death controlled by gene. Apoptosis is closely associated with the occurrence, development, therapy and end of the tumors. Hemangioma is one of the benign blood vessel proliferative tumors in children, but the mechanisms of proliferation and regression are unknown. Iwata et al first found the higher rate of apoptosis in hemangioma tissues in1996. To reveal the role of apoptosis in the physical course of hemangioma is very important for clinical hemangioma therapy.Bax,the gene of accelerating apoptosis, has been investigated in malignant tumors much more. But the reports were very few about the role of Bax in the regression mechanism of hemangioma. TGFβ1 , a kind of pleiotropic peptide growth adjustment factor, participates in more biological procedures in vivo. But the biological effect of TGFβ1 in blood vessel and hemangioma is unknown. The objective is to investigate the expressions of Bax and TGFβ1 in different phases of children hemangioma , and try to find out the mechanisms of hemangiomatous proliferation and regression .Method: The expressions of Bax and TGFβ1 in 50 children cases of dermal hemangioma which were in proliferative phase or in involuting phase were detected by HE staining and immunohistochemical method(SP method). We also analysized the difference between the different phases of hemangioma , and try to find out the role of Bax and TGFβ1 in hemangiomatous proliferation and regression . The statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal Wallis H test and Wilcoxon rank sum test by SAS 8.0.Result: 1 HE staining 2 immunohistochemical method: ①the positive expressive rate of Bax in proliferative phase and involuting phase of hemangioma, normal skin tissues in turn were 43.75%,88.89%,7.69%. The difference among the three groups was statistically significant, p＜0.01; the expressive rate of Bax in involuting phase was higher than in proliferative phase, p＜0.01; the one in proliferative phase higher than in normal skin tissues, p＜0.05. ② The expression of TGFβ1 in proliferative phase of hemangioma was lower than in involuting phase , the positive expressive rate in turn were 43.75%, 83.33%, the difference was statistically significant, p＜0.01.Conclusion: 1 The expression of Bax began in the late proliferative phase, the highest level in the involuting phase. Our study shows that Bax ,the protein of accelerating apoptosis, may participate in the proliferation and regression of hemangioma. 2 The expression of TGFβ1 in the involuting phase was higher than in the proliferative phase, the difference was statistically significant, p＜0.01. 3 This shows that Bax and TGFβ1 may be the important factors which cause the apoptosis of hemangioma and accelerate its regression as well.