Study On Diagnoses And Immunization Of Nipah Virus Encephalitis

The goal of this paper was to study the reactionogenicity and immunogenicity of the fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoproteins of NiV and means for safe and effective disease prevention and protection measures.The fusion (F) and attchment(G) glycoproteins of NiV are main viral structural proteins and immunogens. In this study, recombinant baculovirus rBac-NF and rBac-NG were constructed for expressing fusion protein (rNF) and attachment glycoprotein (rNG) of Nipah virus (NiV). SDS-PAGE and Western-blot confirmed that rNF(～61KD) and rNG (～66KD) were expressed in insect cells infected with rBac-NF and rBac-NG.Western-blot and indirect ELISA showed that both rNF and rNG have good reactionogenicity, and are promising to replace the whole NiV as diagnosis antigen, especially for the surveillance in NiV free regions and countries. In addition, the neutralization test and indirect ELISA confimed that both rNF and rNG can induce specific immune response in mouse and that the rNG induce higher titer neutralizing antibodies than did the rNF. The F and G genes could be completely and faithfully expressed in the vaccinia virus system by recombinant vaccinia virus rVV-NF and rVV-NG, both genes products apparently being correctly processed and modified. The availability of such a faithful model system offers particular advantages for the study of NiV in that it reduces the need for direct manipulation of an exotic pathogen. In the absence of infectious NiV, we may safely carry out detailed biochemical and genetic manipulations to investigate features of viral replication and gene function, as well as explore new avenues for vaccine development. In view of the severity of NiV infections that may occur in manand animal, there is a need for an efficient, protective virus vaccine. DNA encoding fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoproteins of NiV were cloned into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pCAGG?MCS, pCAGG-NiV-F and pCAGG-NiV-G, for researching the immunogenicity of the both plasmids DNA. Cell fusion test showed that recombinant fusion (F) and attachment (G) glycoproteins of NiV that are expressed by the both recombinant plasmids in BHK cells have good biologic activity. In addition, the neutralization test and indirect ELISA confimed that both plasmids DNA can induce specific immune response in mouse and that the pCAGG-NiV-G induce higher titer neutralizing antibodies than did the pCAGG-NiV-F.