| Cerebrovascular ischemia diseases is one of the commonest diseaseswith high disability rate and mortality in clinical practice.Reperfusion isthe most efficiency method in clinical treatment. Period of time afterischemia, reperfusion would reversely aggravate state of illness. Drugswhich has protective effects on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, willhelp to reduce the injuries in isehemic penumbra and promote the recoveryof brain function.Tribulus terrestris refers to the dry, ripe fruit of the plant caltrop. Itsmain chemical ingredients are saponins, ketone, alkaloid. The grosssaponins of Tribulus terrestris(GSTT) was one of the effective groupingredients which was exracted from the whole plant of caltrop. It is amixture of over 10 kinds of saponins, mainly steroid saponins. It mainlyincludes furan-strol and spiral-strol. It is a powder and dissolvable inwater. Domestic research materials showed that GSTT had the effect oflowering blood pressure and stimulating antihypoxia, sheeting bloodvessels, lowering cholesterol, inhibiting fat deposition on arteries,myocardium and liver. It also inhibited atherosclerotic occurrence anddevelopment. It had positive effects on brain ishemia, lowering bloodsugar, showed antiaging properties and imporved sex function.Capsuled preparation of GSTT has been used for diseases ofcardiobrain vascular system in clinical treatment, and it was demonstratedthat it is effective. Our research team did a lot of research studying on theeffects of GSTT. It had been proven that GSTT had anti-ishemic effectson the brain as well as anti-thrombotic effects. It had also been proventhat indexes of blood flow,lowering the blood platelets assemblingrate. Little materials has been published about the effects of GSTT oncerebral ischemic reperfusion, in our study,rats cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion.The neurological out come was evaluated. CK,LDH and NO activity inserum,SOD and MDA levels of cerebral tissue were measured. Bloodstasis model is created by injection adrenamine and coldness stimulationto investigate the effects of GSTT on blood viscosity,thrombus andplatelet aggregation rate and to explore the mechanism. We made ischemia reperfusion model in rats to study the effects ofGSTT on neurocyte morphology changes and neurological scale. As theresult of that the changes of neurocytes morphology are those,neuronswere serious edema cytoplasma was stained slightly and nucler werecontracted and strained deeply after reperfusion. GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)reduced cellular edema,maintainedthe neurocyte morphology.After reperfusion,modle rats have distinct action deficits. Some ratsflexed and adducted the left limbs,some rats rotated to the left sidewhen it crawled,some rats were unconscious and could not crawl. GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)can reduced neurological scores(P<0.05), behavior deficits Were dereased by GSTT. LDH and CK release,decrease SOD activity,NO and MDAgeneration after ischemia reperfusion. GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)inhibite LDH and CK release,and improve SOD activity. NO andMDA contents of GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)groups are reducedsignificantly(P<0.01, P<0.05). Blood stasis model is created by adrenamine s.c. Results showGSTT could improve hemorheologic abnormality. GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)could decrease the whole blood viscosity at the shearrate of5s-1,10s-1,30s-1,100s-1.GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)also decreasethe plasma viscosity. To study the effects of GSTT on thrombus formation and plateletaggregation. Thrombus formation was assessed by electricity stimulateinduced thrombosis in artery in rats. We found that GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)could prolong thrombosed time(P<0.01,P<0.05). Theeffect of GSTT on thrombus in vitro, GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1)could shorten the length of thrombus significantly. GSTT(30mg·kg-1)could also decrease wet weight and dry weight of thrombus, GSTT(10mg·kg-1)only decrease wet weight of thrombus. We also study theeffect of platelet aggregation induced by ADP in rats, we found GSTT(30mg·kg-1,10mg·kg-1) inhabited platelet aggregation in vitroinduced by ADP. The present study demonstrated that GSTT lessen the brain damageinduced by ischemia reperfusion following by middle cerebral arteryocclusion(MCAO) produced by insertion of a thread,which relate to thefollowings:GSTT can improve SOD activity,reduce MDA content,canmaintain membrane structure and inhibited LDH,CK release. GSTT caninhibit NO production and lessen the brain damage. GSTT also canimprove hemorheology state,lower whole blood viscosity,inhibit...
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