Investigations On The Incidence Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus And Associated High-risk Factors In Local Chinese Women

Objective To investigate the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in local region and explore the relationship between maternal anthropometrics and GDM so as to improve pregnancy outcome and the reproductive health care.Methods In a prospective study, a 2-h 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 1004 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at 28-32 weeks of gestation. During 15 months period (From August 2003 to November 2004) in a teaching hospital. The GDM group diagnosed according to WHO criteria was compared with normal glucose cases, matched for age (±lyr), exact race/gravity, and gestational weeks (±lwk). The differences of height, trunk, leg, trunk/height ratio (THR), leg/height ratio (LHR), waist/hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), weight gain (booking to OGTT), OGTT fasting and 2-h plasma glucose, blood pressure (BP), Hemoglobin, Haematocrit, Platelet and Red blood cell count between the two groups were evaluated and the relationship between those high-risk factors and GDM were analyzed by Pearson correlative, Crosstabs test, one-way ANOVA, Logistic Regression .The efficiency of different factors are described by ROC curve.Results 1. The period prevalence of GDM is 11.01% in local area; 2.109 cases diagnosed as GDM from the 1,004 women were compared with the control group (1:2), The age, trunk, THR, BMI at OGTT, weight gain (booking to OGTT), OGTT results and Hb were significantly higher than those of the control group and height, leg, and LHR were significantly lower in GDM group than those of the control group;3.When divided by quartile, the different categoryies in the quartile havesignificantly different GDM incidence in the weight gain(booking to OGTT) ,leg length, LHR, trunk,THR, and Hb groups ;4.Hb greater than 123mg/dl in the third trimester .weight gain (booking to OGTT)more than 14.5kg,leg length lower than 70cm,LHR lower than 0.44 are the independent factors for GDM development.Conclusions 1. The period prevalence of GDM in this area is 11.01%; 2.Some maternal anthropometries have been confirmed to be the high-risk factors for GDM development, leg length lower than 70 cm, leg to height ratio less than 0.44 are independent factors for GDM;3.The weight gain from booking to OGTT more than 14.5kg; Hb greater than 123mg/dl in the third trimester are independent factors for GDM, which suggest that a better nutritional status and unreasonable diet are related to GDM.