| Objective To investigate the effects of deoxycholic acid(DCA) on the proliferation of HT-29 human colon cancer cells and the effects of berberine on activator protein-l(AP-l), cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) expression of HT-29 cells induced by DCA. To explore BER's potential mechanisms in colorectal cancer(CRC) therapy. Methods The proliferation of HT-29 cells was induced by DCA in different concentrations for 6, 12, 24, 48 hours separately and then treated with BER in different concentrations simultaneously. MTT assay was applied to measure cell proliferation rate and inhibition rate. AP-1 expression was detected by cell immunofluorescence. Western blot was used to determine the expression of COX-2. Results DCA promoted the proliferation of HT-29 cells with low dose for short time, on the contrary, DCA inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 with high dose for long time and even had inhibitory effects. DCA up-regulated the expression of AP-l(c-Jun c-Fos) and COX-2 in a dose dependent manner. BER had inhibitory effects on the proliferation of HT-29 cells induced by DCA in a dose and time dependent manner. BER down-regulated the expression of AP-1 and COX-2 in a dose dependent manner induced by DCA in HT-29 cells. The expression of AP-1 and COX-2 decreased when HT-29 cells were treated with BER in high dose. If treated with the same concentrations of DCA and BER for the same times, the tendency in the proliferation of HT-29 cells and the expressions of AP-1 and COX-2 was almost the same.Conclusions DCA might up-regulate the expression of AP-1 and then increases the expression of COX-2, thus promotes the proliferation of HT-29 cells accordingly. Incontrast, BER might down-regulate the expression of AP-1 and then decreases the expression of COX-2, thus inhibit the proliferation of HT-29 cells. AP-1 and COX-2 might act as new interfering targets of CRC therapy. The anti-tumor character of BER might be concerned with its inhibitory effects on the expression of AP-1 and COX-2.
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