Transplantation Of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Functional Recovery Of Diabetic Rats

PurposeIslet transplantation as a potential treatment for diabetes has been investigated extensively over the past 10 years. Such an approach, however, will always be limited mainly because it is difficult to obtain sufficiently large mumber of purified islets from cadaveric donors. One alternateive to organ or tissue transplantation is to use a renewable source of cells. Stem cells are clonogenic cells capable of both self - renewal and multilineage differentiation into any type of cell and to be genetically modified in vitro, thus providing cells which can be isolated and used for transplantation. Recent studies have given well defined differentiation protocols, which can be used to guide stem cells into specific cell lineages as neurons, cardiomytocytes and insulin - secreting cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a pluripotent ability to differentiate into a variety of cell lieages in vitro. A number of protocols have been described to induce neuronal cells, adipocytes, smooth muscle myoctyes, skeletal muscles myo-cytes and cartilage cells from MSCs. But from production of insulin - secreting cells form MSC has not been demonstrated. We present explore the possibility of MSC to differentiate into insulin producing cells when transplanted into diabetic rats.Methodsa. MSCs isolation and in vitro culture.Euthanize adult rats ( aged 2 month) using cervical dislocation after beinganaesthetized with ether. Isolate bone marrow from femurs and tibias of adult rats under sterile condition.b. Immunocytochemistry analysis of the expressions of CD45 and CD90.Induction of diabetic rats.The diabetic model of Wistar rats was duplicated by injection of STZ intrap-eritoneally.The changes of blood sugar and body weight were monitored.The sections of pancreas were analyzed with immunofluorescent method.Transplantation of MSCs marked by BrdU.Mark MSCs with BrdU.Inject MSCs into diabetic rats through tail vein.Measure the effect of transplanted MSCs in the receptor.Monitor the changes of blood sugar and body weight.Analyze the sections of pancreas with immunofluorescent method.ResultsMSCs of adult rats were isolated and cultured successfully. Immunocyto-chemical analysis showed that most of the third and fourth generation cultured MSCs express CD45 ( - ) and CD90 ( + ).Numerous transplanted MSCs were found in the pancreas of the receptor, and most of them were reproducing themselves in the new environment. There are also some MSCs that could be found in the islets. But no insulin were detected in these cells.ConclusionsMSCs may survive and reproduce themselves in the pancreas of diabetic rats.In this study, we found no significant in vivo differentiation of bone marrow into pancreatic islet - cells in adult diabetic rats induced by STZ.The changes of blood sugar and weight implicate that MSC transplantantion have some therapeutic effectiveness on diabetic rats.