| objective:to study the anatomy of the nasal diameter, the anterior wall of sphenoid sinus,the sellar floor, the neural and vascular structure of sellar turcica region in oder to provide microsurgical anatomical-basis for pituitary adenoma microsurgery via single-nostril directtranssphenoidal approach Methods: Heads from 10 adult cadavers were studied.Which were embalmed using a 10% formalin solution. The brain was removed from each head, the anatomic parameters of the studied region were measured precisely with the aid of operative microscope. Special atention was directed to the nasal diameter, the anterior wall of sphenoid sinus, the sellar floor, the neural and vascular structure of sellar turcica region, the distance between two lateral carotid arteries, the distance and location between two lateral cranial nerves in cavernous sinus, the length-of optic never, the angle of optic chiasm. Photograms were taken on the specimens timely in the process ofexperiment. All the data were analyzed with statistics software. Results: 1 The Diameter Of Nostril: 13. 9~21. 3mm 16. 2±2. 4mm;2, Opening the anteriorwall of Sphenoid sinus is up the sphenoid ostia: 1. 6~2. 8mm 2. l±0. 35mm;The distance between superior border of sphenoid ostia and the floor of anterior base of skull: 5. 3~8.0mm 7.2±0. 82mm;3 In coronal cut of Anterior Clinoid Process:The distance between ICA and middleline of sellar turcica5. 8~7. 4mm 6. 5±1. 4mm;In coronal cut of Pituitary Fossa The distancebetween ICA and middleline of sellar turcica7. 7~9.0mm 8. 4±1. 34mm;The distance between medial wall of CS and middleline of sellar turcica6.1-7. 4mm In coronal cut of Posterior Clinoid Process The distance between medial wall of CS and middleline of sellar turcica8. 8~9. 6mm 9. 2±1.06mm;4, The distance between CNIV and Posterior Clinoid Process: 3.8mm (2.6—'5. 5mm);The distance between CNIV and Posterior Clinoid Process: 5.9mm (3. 5~8. 1mm);The angle between CNIV and the edge of tentorial incisure in CS: 14. 5° (12°~ 19°);5 The length of CNII intercranial :12.8mm (10. 4~ 18. 6mm);The angle of optic chiasma: 57° (50~71°);The distance between tuberculum sellae and the anterior border of optic chiasma:6. 6mm (5.1~8. 8mm);Normal optic chiasma:9 case,posterpone optic chiasma: 1 case;6 Three main types of the intercavemous sinus were the anterior intercaverous sinus, present in 80%, the inferior intercavemous sinus(30%), and the posterior intercavemous sinus(10%).7% The diaphragmal opening was round in 60% of the cases, elliptical in 40%, and 5mm or greater broad in 80%. The mean thickness of the diaphragma sellae was 0. 22mm, 30% of which was no more than 0. lmm. Arachnoid extended into the hypophyseal fossa through the opening in 10% of the specimens. 8 Of the pituitary stalkwe studied, 70% were posterior-located, and 30% dissociative. Conclusions:1 The diameter of nostril is one of the important factors determining operation field;2 Opening the anterior wall of sphenoid sinus should be up the sphenoid ostia;3? Due to its occurrence frequency being 30%, the damage of the intercavernous sinus may cause serious bleeding when opening the sellar floor. 4 , The diaphragmal openings of Chinese are often larger than those offoreigners, so it is easy to develop CSF leakage during transsphenoidal hypophysectomy;5% The locations of pituitary stalks always vary, only if the location is clear, it is helpful to preserve the nomal pituitary functions;6> Residual tumor locates in lateral internal carotid arter in cavernous sinus...
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