Therapeutic Effects Of Engrafted Neural Precursor Cells Differentiated From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells On The Memory Dysfunction Of Rats Injured By Aβ

Background and objectivesAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that robs patients of their memory and cognitive abilities,and even their personalities.It is the most common form of senile dementia.The progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons which are responsible for learning and memory dysfunction.AD is characterized by extracellular deposit ofβ-amyloid peptides, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic loss, and brain atrophy. Aβ-peptide plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Neurotoxicity induced by overdose Aβdeposit is involving in the atrophy of axon, neuronal degeneration and loss. Now, it is generally accepted that AD models were established by intraventricle or intrahippocampal injection ofβ-amyloid peptide. However, the etiology and mechanism of AD are not clear. Based on the pathophysiological features of AD,the major clinical therapy are focusing on the cognitive improvement of patients and prevention for the process of disease. Although the therapeutic measure of drugs would be effective to some extent, it would not retrieve the neural loss in the cortex and hippocampus of patients at advanced stage. Neural transplantation is regarded as an inspiring strategy for the treatment of AD. Embryonic stem cells(ESCs) are totipotent cell lines isolated from the inner cell mass of embro,with the capabilities to differentiation into various cell and tissue types desired. Neural precursor cells(NPCs) differentiated from ESCs are suitable materials for neural transplantation as to its proliferating ability and no risk of forming teratoma after grafted. Among those reports of neural transplantation for AD model,most were focusing on the studying of neurotoxicity of Aβin vivo,including the results of histopathological and behavioral changes. Furthermore,cell transplantation involved in those researches were by means of intraventricle injection,which was easy to manipulate.however, the engrafted cells migrated at wide range,such as hippocampal fimbria,corpus callosum,subependymal region.It is doubtful that those migrated cells could completely differentiate into host cells...