Studies Of Differential Stat3 RNAi On The Proliferation And Differentiation Of Mouse Neural Stem Cells

The neural system is the most important and complicated system of our body. It results from neural tube and neural crest. Neural tube initially is composed of a flat of neuroepithelium. With neuroepithelial cells' large proliferation, differentiation and transplantation, three structures togetherly form neural tube. There are many neural stem cells in neuroepithenium, which are self-renewing, multipotent progenitors that give rise to the diverse type of neurons and glia. Following the neural tube closure, neuroepithelium continued to prolife, differentiate and migrate, and prosencephalon, mesencephalons and rhombencephalon appeared in the anterior region of neural tube. The proliferation, differentiation and migration of the neuroepithelium are essential for the structural formation and functional establishment of the nervous system. Neural tube defects (NTDs), resulting from failure of the neural tube to close properly during the early development of embryogenesis, are the most common severely disabling birth defects over the world. Nowadays, the studies of neuroepithelium development have focused on the study of associated candidate genes and the cellular and molecular mechanisms. Findings from these studies reveal that a number of genes participated in the regulation and control of development of the central nervous system and some environmental factors exert their functions via these genes as well.STAT3, a member of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family, plays an important role in the growth, livability, proliferation and differentiation of many cells. As a transcription factor, stat3 participated in the control of their target genes' expression and forms a complicated network together with other transcription factors. It was shown that STAT3 immunoreactivity was localized specific regions in the developing mouse brain, neural tube, and eyes from embryonic day 10.5 to postnatal day 0. The active form of STAT3 protein, which is phosphorylated on tyrosine 705 (pYStat3), was also found in the developing neural tube with more restricted distribution. However, targeted...