| Background and objectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an established modality of humantumor treatment since 1970's following the traditional therapy, such as surgery ,chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Though surgical resection is believed to be an effective treatment method for early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesion, PDT may become an alternative therapy for these patients who failed to have surgery ablation due to various reasons. However there are notable different therapeutic effects in patients with different tumors even in patients with same tumor. Patients may also have different PDT sensitivity and PDT effect even the patients have the same pathological classification, clinical stage and the dose and mode of clinical treatment. Although the affective factors of the PDT sensitivity of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesion are multifarious, cell apoptosis is the important factor because recent studies indicate that apoptosis play an important role in the response of tumor to PDT. We thus hypothesize that the aberrant expression of some apoptosis -regulating genes may have something to do with the sensitivity of tumor cells to PDT. If we could find out the biomarkers of apoptosis correlated with the sensitivity to PDT of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesion, we would be able to predict the level of the sensitivity to PDT so that the therapeutic scheme and therapeutic effect of PDT of each patient would be specifically improved for the purpose of bettering survival after treatment. In this study, we investigated the relationship between P53 protein, Fas protein expression and spontaneous apoptosis...
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