Inhibitory Effect And Its Mechanism Of Pioglitazone On The Proliferation Of Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In The Mimic Insulin Resistance Medium

IntroductionOver proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a common pathological change of vascular hyperplasia diseases such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes. There are many factors involved in the proliferation of VSMCs, and one of the most important is insulin resistance (IR). IR is characterized by the target tissues insensitivity to insulin (INS), the VSMCs type transformation from contraction to synthesize, disfunction of muscle and adipose tissues in glucose utilization and hyperglycemia. INS secreted by chronic glucotoxication promotes cell proliferation and results in vessel hypertrophy and disorders of vasocontraction and vasorelaxation. Therefore, it is essential to improve and reverse the structure changes induced by over proliferation of VSMCs for treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Binding with the receptor, INS produces its biological effects on both metabolism and non-metabolism by a series of tyrosine phosphorylation cascades.Recently, it is revealed that two important signal transduction pathways involved...