| Object: Diabetes have become the third serious disease that threaten seriously mankind health behind heart-cerebrovascular disease and cancer. Thus it is becoming a focus in medical research to search original natural product and hypoglycemic functional factors. Soybean extractive is mainly composed of soyasaponins and soyisoflavone, having many biological and pharmacologic activities that may possese comprehensive function of health care. According to relevant research showed that soyasaponins and soyisoflavone have regulating function of blood suger metabolism to different degrees. The experiment observed the effects of soybean extractive on blood suger in experimental diabetes of rats and normal mouses .Methods: According to the basic principles of《Technical Standards for Functional Testing and Assessment of Health Food》of Ministry of Public Health and《Pharmacological experimental Methodology》, adopt healthy and adult Wistar male rats of clean degree whose body weight are from 180g to 220g. After adaptability feeding one week, according to the body weight,the rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. All the rats can not feeding for 6h, but can drinking(next is same).Got their tail blood,tested on an empty stomach bloodsugar, adjust groups according to the value of blood sugar (the difference among groups no more than 1.1mmol/L). Except the normal group, the other rats not feeding for 12h, then gave new prepared alloxan solution to make model diabetic rats at intraperitoneal injection. After 6 days, not feeding for 6h, then tested blood sugar of model diabetic rats, the value of blood sugar >10mmol/L were successful model diabetic rats in high blood sugar. According to the levels of blood sugar, the rats were divided into 6 groups that there were 13 rats in each group, including model compare group, soyisoflavone low dose group (40mg/kg·bw),soyisoflavone high dose group(80mg/kg·bw), soyasaponin low dose group(40mg/kg·bw),soyasaponin high dose group (80mg/kg bw). Soybean extractive were soluted with 1% carboxymethyl-fiber solution. The rats of soyisoflavone and soyasaponin low dose group and high dose group were fed with different density soyisoflavone and soyasaponin everyday. The rats of normal group and model compare group were fed with equal capacity solvent. All the animals were weighed each 5days. Quantities of soyisoflavone and soyasaponin administered orally to rats were changed according to their body weights. Write down the quantities of animals food-intake and drinking water everyday. After continue for 30 days, all the animals were fasted for 6h, then tested on an empty stomach blood sugar and saccharifying serum protein. Next day the rats of high blood sugar model group were fasted for 6h, soyisoflavone group and soyasaponin group were fed with different density soyisoflavone and soyasaponin. The model compare group were fed with equal volume solvent, 20minutes later through the mouths gave glucose 2.0g/kg·bw, then tested thevalue of blood sugar after 0,0.5,2h. Observed the change of blood sugar curved line surface area among model compare group, soyisoflavone low and high dose group and soyasaponin low and high dose group in each time. At the end of the experimental-period, gave etherization for all the animals, took blood by arteriae femoralis and separate blood serum, sacrificed the rats by sacrifice and dissect the body. Then blotted dry and weighed respectively the livers, the kidneys, the spleen and the thymic weight, calculated the ratio value of the organ and body weigh. Then weighed the right leaves of livers for 1g and putted in the tissue homogenizer to make 10% homogenate solution with 150mmol/L ice-cold NaCl to prepare for superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) determination. There are some methods in this experiment, such as the kit glucose oxidase method for testing blood suger, the fructosamine kit method for determining saccharifying serum protein, the kit-method and chromatometry for determining SOD and MDA on blood serum and the liver tissue.The object of the second batch experiment is to observe the effects of soybean extractive on blood suger in normal mouses. Adopted healthy and adult ICR male mouses of clean degree whose body weight are from 18g to 20g.After the mouses were fasted for 6h, got their tail bleed,tested on an empty stomach blood sugar, according to the value of blood sugar(the difference among groups no more than 1.1mmol/L), the mouses were randomly divided into 3groups, that there were 13 mouses in each group, one is the normal group, the second is soyisoflavone high dose group ( 80mg/kg·bw ) , another is soyasaponin high dose group(80mg/kg·bw). The mouses of soyisoflavone high dose group and soyasaponinhigh dose group were fed with soyisoflavone and soyasaponin everyday. The mouses of normal group were fed with equal capacity solvent. All the animals were weighed each 5days. Quantities of soyisoflavone and soyasaponin were administered orally to mouses were changed according to their body weights. After continue for 30 days, all the animals were fasted for 6h, then tested on an empty stomach blood sugar.Results: After given to the animals soyisoflavone and soyasaponin for 30d:⑴The weigh of rats in each objective group and model compare group is increased to experiment beginning period, but compared with normal compare group, it was decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The ratio value of the organ and body weigh in each group had no effects;⑵Compared with model compare group, it was decreased that average quantities food-intake and drinking water of animals in each day in the experiment last period in soyisoflavone and soyasaponin high dose groups. And compared with experiment beginning period and middle period, it was decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);⑶Compared with model compare group, after experiment the value of blood sugar and saccharifying serum protein in soyisoflavone and soyasaponin high dose group were decreased(P < 0.01);Compared with before given soyisoflavone and soyasaponin, the value of blood sugar in soyisoflavone and soyasaponin high dose group were decreased significantly(P < 0.01); It had no significant difference between soyisoflavone high dose group and soyasaponin high dose group(P >0.05);⑷Compared with model compare group,soyisoflavone low-dose groups and soyasaponin low-dose groups, soyisoflavone high dose groups and soyasaponin high dose groups candecrease 0h,0.5h,2h blood sugar, decrease blood sugar area under the curve after given glucose 0h～2h(P<0.05 or P<0.01);⑸Compared with model compare group,soyisoflavone low-dose groups and soyasaponin low-dose groups, the value of SOD on blood serum and the liver tissue was increased in soyisoflavone and soyasaponin high dose groups, and the value of MDA on blood serum and the liver tissue was decrease in soyisoflavone and soyasaponin high dose groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).And it had no significant difference between soyisoflavone and soyasaponin high dose groups;⑹Given soyisoflavone and soyasaponin for 30d, the weigh and blood suger of normal mouses in each group had no significant difference.Conclusions: Soyisoflavone and soyasaponin can decrease the level of blood sugar in diabetic rats which were induced by alloxan, improve glucose tolerance for diabetic rats, cannot effect the level of blood sugar in normal mouses; Soyisoflavone and soyasaponin can relieve symptom of polydipsia and polyphagia in diabetic rats; Soyisoflavone and soyasaponin profit to get rid of free radicle of body, promote antioxidation and restrain peroxidation, has the auxiliary function of decreasing blood sugar.Experimental result indicate soyisoflavone and soyasaponin are the safe natural material to degrade blood suger, provide direct evidence to prevent diabetes mellitus. And provide more scientific evidence for themselves to the application in supplement food and medicine domain.
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