| Athletes in endurance training were often over physiological limit which will bring fatigue to destroy organism balance. It can enhance athletic capacity, carry out training and strengthen training effects to restore physical fitness as soon as possible. The approach to promote athletic capacity via nutrient enrichment has some merits at safety, efficiency, no poison and side effect. Therefore, R&D on novel nutritional supplement has become a focus field.In this work, we investigate the function of soy oligopeptides (SOPs) on endurance training via test in animals and humans organisms; discuss the possibly existed function mechanisms; we aim at supporting R&D of novel nutritional supplement theoretically.1. Body weight growth and organic indexSOPs were continuously intragastric administrated for 30 days at different doses of low (LD,2.0g·kg-1), mid (MD,4.0g·kg-1), high (HD,8.0g·kg-1) after endurance training model was established via training male Kuming (KM) mice to swim 60 min per day. Whey protein concentrations (WPC) were administrated as comparison group. Thereafter KM mice were sacrificed to weight body, spleen, thymus, heart, liver and then calculate body weight growth, thymic index, splenic index, cardiac index and hepatic index.As results, (1) the body weight growth of MD and HD groups were extremely significant higher than CG (Control group ) (P<0.01), Whey protein concentration (WPC) significant higher than CG (P<0.05).②Thymic index of MD and WPC group were significant higher than CG (P<0.05).③Cardica indexes of LD, MD and HD groups were all higher than CG, comparing MD gourp to CG (P<0.05), comparing HD group to CG (P<0.01).④Hepatic indexes of LD, MD and HD groups have no significant deviation to CG (P>0.05). There results exhibited: (1) SOP enhanced model KM mice weight more than WPC group did; (2) SOP stimulated and activated the immuno-organs of model KM mice to some extent; (3) SOP reshaped the heart structure of model KM mice; (4) All doses of SOP and WPC did not damage model livers.2. T Lymphocyte TransformationThe study used MTT method to detect the T lymphocyte transformation of SOP on KM mice model. The results on the T lymphocyte transformation rates showed: (1) LD, MD and HD groups were extremely significant higher than CG (P<0.01); (2) WPC group obviously higher than CG (P<0.05); (3) MD and HD groups obviously higher than CG (P<0.05). These results indicated that both SOP and WPC can promote T lymphocyte transformation and enhance immunity, but the soy oligo-peptides obviously more effect than WPC.3. Exhausting time of mice swimmingKM mice was burdened by tail with fur-lead (5% body weight) to swim in 30 cm depth water at 25±1.0℃. Time was recorded from KM mice entrance to sink (immersed over 7 sec) in water. As results of Exhausting Time: significant deviation compared HD and WPC gourps to CG(P<0.05); extremely significant deviation compared MD gourp to CG (P<0.01); extremely significant deviation compared MD gourp to WPC group (P<0.01). these results indicated SOP could elongate KM mice swimming time and more than WPC.4. Contents of mice muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogenNon-swimming trained KM mice were sarcrificed to obtain quadriceps femoris and livers. Contents of KM mice muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen were measured via anthrone method. As results of Contents of KM mice muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen: significant deviationg comparing MD group to CG (P<0.05). It illustrated SOP could help KM mice resist fatigue via store increase of muscle glycogen and hepatic glycogen.5. Blood lactic acid metabolism and LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase ) activity in KM mice Male KM mice were swimming-trained for 60 min per day. On the thirtieth day, 20μl of blood were harvested by vena tail after 15min KM mice rest. And then value of blood lactic acid was measured. 90 min rest later, another 20μl of blood was harvested and measured. Finally, blood lactic acid Average clearance rate was determined. In a separate group, KM mice blood was harvested at once the swimming finished to test LDH activity. As results:①At 15 min time point, blood lactic acid of MD and HD groups have significant deviation compared to CG(P<0.05); At 90 min time point, blood lactic acid of LD group has significant deviation compared to CG(P<0.05),MD and HD groups extremely significant deviation compared to CG(P<0.01);the blood lactic acid Average clearance rate of MD group extremely significant deviation compared to CG (P<0.01)②LDH activity of MD and HD groups has significant deviation compared to CG (P<0.05). These results showed SOP could reduce lactic acid production and improve LDH activity, meanwhile accelerate the clearance of blood lactic acid.6. Testosterone and CK (Creatine kinase)Non-swimming training KM mice were sarcrified to harvest blood to detemine testosterone and CK via Kit (Nanjing Jianchen reagent). As results:①Testosterone of LD group has significant deviation both CG and WPC groups (P<0.05);②CK activity of MD group has significant deviation compared to both CG and WPC groups (P<0.05). These results showed SOP could reduce damage of skeletal muscle to facilitate muscle synthsis.7. Body composition analysis of athletes in mid-long distance competeSubjects on an empty stomach were measured via InBody9.9 body composition analysis system in the morning. As results:①both body weight of SOP and WPC groups has significant deviation comparing fore- to post- test.(P<0.05);②lean body mass (LBM) of SOP group has extremely significant deviation comparing fore- to post- test.(P<0.01),WPC group significant deviation compared fore- to post- test(P<0.05). It indicated SOP promote athletes in mid-long distance compete to synthesize muscles,more than WPC did.8. Blood lactic acid for athletes in mid-long distance competes after trainingBlood was harvested by finger at 15 min rest after training and tested via InBody3.0 body composition analysis system. As results: the blood lactic acid of SOP group has significant deviation compared post- to fore- test(P<0.05),which showed SOP could reduce muscular lactic acid production as endurance training to postpone fatigue.9. Blood CK activity for athletes in mid-long distance competes 3ml of blood was harvested before training in the morning to be measured of CK activity. As results, the CK activity of SOP group has significant deviation compared post- to fore- test(P<0.05)which was accordance with previous animal experiment. It indicated that SOP could help protect skeletal muscle cells of endurance training organism.Conclusion: soy oligopeptide as an athletic nutritional supplement can improve the capacity of endurance training. It can enhance T lymphocyte Transformation, accelerate blood lactic acid clearance, increase glycogen store to reduce skeletal muscle damage to promote immune modulations, to accelerate synthesis of skeletal muscle and to resist fatigues.
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