| Medical and health supervision means the administration action that health administration departments supervise and inspect the medical services, specification, standards and provisions implemented by medical institutions according to the national health laws and regulations. Medical and health supervision develops along with socialist market economy system reform; its nature is endowed with much connotation with legal system construction perfection. Medical and health supervision is a governmental administration action to have modern significance and to conform to administrative law principle, and the embodiment of governmental public functions. Medical and health supervision has the characteristics of preventability, initiative, and timeliness and specialty to correct illegal act. Medical and health supervision enforcement has very important significance for maintaining medical service market order, standardizing medical practice, preventing and reducing medical negligence, malpractice and IATROGENIC disease occurrence, protecting public health, and is the need to maintain health laws and regulations, and also the need that the development of medical and health services are adapted to the environmental development and change at home and abroad. According to the practice and object of medical and health administrative enforcement, the main contents of medical and health supervision include qualification supervision and practicing action supervision, that is, the supervision and enforcement of medical institution qualification, medical staff qualification, medical practice and medical technology.Now the programs for the health supervision system reform of 387 prefecture-level cities and 1867 counties have been approved by local governments, which make up 91% and 72% of the total, compared with the year 2003, increase 20% and 41% respectively. One health supervision system framework of 4 levels from the central to province, city and county and covering rural areas gradually is forming. The experience on medical institution supervision of other countries learnt from literatures is good for reference in a manner. Since the situations of various countries are not the same, the economic development levels are different, our country cannot copy the supervision model of any country, but finds out the medical and health supervision model suitable for our country's situation. But the advanced experience of other countries can have enlightenment and education effects, for example, the check charges for medical institutions in Germany, which can solve the problem of our medical and health supervision fund shortage, the joint management of non-governmental organizations and governmental relevant departments in USA, the mode of appropriating funds for hospitals in Canada.Through adopting such methods as questionnaire, interview and discussion of relevant personnel, selecting the health supervision in the range of Jilin Province as research sample, taking the medical and health supervision staff in health supervision stations as inquisitional objects, the present situation of the medical and health supervision of Jilin Province, such as the basic conditions of medical and health supervision personnel, supervision and law enforcement status, training of law enforcement officers, and medical and health supervision institutions'funds were investigated in detail. Through the statistics of collected data, the number, age, educational qualification distribution and specialty distribution of the medical and health supervision personnel in Jilin Province, the reasons for difficult law enforcement and the law enforcement means in the medical and health supervision at present, the number of trainees, the period of training and the mode of training for medical and health supervision personnel, and the funds of medical and health supervision institutions, are all analyzed. At the same time, combined with the law enforcement practice of the medical and health supervision in Jilin Province, the investigated results were discussed, it is pointed out that the medical and health supervision of Jilin Province has achieved some successes, but due to short period, there are still some problems in the following aspects:(1) The imperfection of medical and health supervision laws and regulations;(2) the imperfection of medical and health supervision management system;(3) the fund shortage of medical and health supervision;(4) weak strength of medical and health supervision ranks;(5) many factors to influence medical and health supervision, difficult law enforcement;(6) the lack of enough news media propaganda.Cording to the problems in the medical and health supervision work of Jilin Province, combined with the actual conditions of the medical and health supervision work of Jilin Province, using the experience on the medical and health supervision work at home and abroad, the tentative ideas on strengthening the medical and health supervision are proposed as follows:(1) Perfect laws and regulations;(2) change ideas, define government functions, straighten out supervision management system;(3) increase governmental funds investment; (4) improve supervision mode, enforce the related laws;(5) improve the quality of medical staff, intensify personnel management;(6) strengthen propaganda management of news media.Since the investigators has not very overall and systematic understanding on medical and health supervision field, existing literatures are limited, it is necessary to carry out much broader demonstration, perfection and revision for the studied results, so as to put forward the new ideas for perfecting medical and health supervision work and the practicable proposals under the big environment of present national medical and health supervision management and combined with the present situation of Jilin Province, to make a contribution to protecting people's health, providing people with safe, reliable and cheap medical and health services. |
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