| IntroductionFrom 1970s, the research on "quality of life" in the medical field has been started. In recent decades of years, with the transform of medical form and health concept, the evaluation on quality of life has been utilized generally in many domains as an approach of synthetic evaluation.The 36-item Short Form Health Survey is a multi-purpose, short-form health survey that is made up of thirty-six items and eight scales and can be used on evaluation of physical and mental health. It has been utilized most widely as a tool to evaluate quality of life in the world.To make clear the relation between the income and the quality of life quantitatively, this study evaluate the quality of life of different-income people in Shenyang using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. The result will provide information for medical unit and government.Object and Method1. Research objectThe data for the study came from representative communities in Tiexi, Huanggu, Heping and Dadong sections. Families in these communities were surveyed at random. The subjects of survey were the main labor force of family.2. Research methodThis study is cross-sectional investigation. Investigators are community staff and they explained the questionnaire to the subjects. Subjects must be posses reading power and clear mind, and they should complete questionnaire by themselves.3. Research contentThe questionnaire is constituted of the general situation and The 36-item Short Form Health Survey.The general situation is about basic information of the subjects and their family. It includes sex, age, occupation, health state, economic state, the expense of education and medical treatment, debt state etc.The 36-item Short Form Health Survey includes thirty-six items, and these items except HT comprise eight scales that form two summaries, physical component summary and mental component summary. The eight scales consist of Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Mental Health, Role Emotional.4. Analysis methodCronbach'sαis used to assess the internal consistency reliability. Validity includes aggregate validity, discrimination validity and structure validity. The analysis of impact factors that effect physical and structure health of different-income people use Logistic regression with general condition being independent variable. All objects were divided into six groups by means of income, thus we can get average scores of physiological and psychological scales in every group. In this way and the states of physiological and psychological health of different-income people would be understood consequently. To analysis the relation between the income and the quality of life objectively, all objects were divided into three groups again according to age and the people in every age section were fractionated to three groups based on income again, and demonstrated as the low, the middle, the high differently. The low's monthly per capita income and scores of eight scales of quality of life are primary standard in this study. The difference of income and quality of life, and their ratio could be got through the middle and high comparing with the low differently. In this way the relation between the income and the quality of life can be understood.The unscrambling, recording, checking and analysis of all data were executed by the software of SPSS11.5. Factor analysis, Logistic regression, t test and ANOVA were used in this study.ResultThe result of reliability and validity of assessing different-income people in Shenyang with 36-item Short Form Health Survey is all right. The structure validity was almost the same as the hypothesized except VT, SF, and RE.The impact factors of physical health of the low were sex, age, sickness and debt; the impact factors of mental health of the low people were sickness and debt, and the influence of sickness on physical and mental health was stronger. The impact factors of physical health of the middle were sex, age, sickness and medical treatment expense; the impact factors of mental health of the middle were medical treatment expense and debt, and the influence of sickness on mental health was stronger. The impact factors of physical health of the high were age and debt; the impact factors of mental health of the high were age and medical treatment expense. The influence of debt on physical health and medical treatment expense on mental health were stronger.Comparing with the health state one year ago, the change of health of low income is decreasing. Comparing the low's quality of life of eight scales with the middle and high, in≤35 and 36-50 age group, quality of life of eight scales of the low was significantly differed with the middle and the high; in 51-65 and≥65 age group, the low's quality of life of most scales was significantly differed with the middle and the high. In every age group, high-income people's state of quality of life was better.Dividing all objects into six groups by means of income, we can see: average scores of physiological scales were higher than psychological scales. Physiological scores rise with the income, and most psychological scores also rise with the income.In the same income layer, the ratio of income and quality of life differences on every scales were higher in≤35 and 51-65 age group, lower in 36-50 and≥65 age group. In the same age group, the low being primary standard, the middle and high's ratios of income and quality of life differences raised with the income.Conclusion1. Qualities of life in most scales of people degraded significantly with the reducing income.2. Physical and psychical health of lower-income people was worse.3. The factors that influent different-income people' physical and psychical health of are different. Principal factors were sex, age, medical treatment expense sickness and debt.4. In the same age group, the low being taken as primary standard, the middle and high's ratios of income and quality of life differences raised with the income. If advancing the same income, elevation extent of the low would exceed the other groups.
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