| Objective: Along with the development of molecular biology and computer technology, the study of molecular imaging has become a new research current of medical imaging and its correlative subject. Gene imaging is one of the most important part of molecular imaging, it can be defined that the antisense molecular probe singed with marker combined with the relevant list of the mRNA fragment especially in vivo, and the doctor might observe the condition of the target DNA transcription and find out the expression degree and range of the report gene with the imaging equipment, then provide the basis for clinic therapy. The molecular imaging report gene can be defined with a sort gene its production can combined with the molecular probe signed with imaging marker, which might be discovered by special equipment, nowadays affirmance of molecular imaging report gene is the key of gene imaging. Up to now, there is no molecular imaging report gene being used in the study of esophageal cancer both in china and in foreign country. Our study is to examine the expression degree and range of MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene in esophageal cancer and cancerous peripheral tissue, offer experiment data of MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene qua molecular imaging reporter gene for the diagnosis and treatment to esophageal cancer patients.Methods: Sequential cut material to 34 esophageal squama cancer and cancerous peripheral tissue sample, then slice up to the every wax piece made from the tissue block and stained with hematoxylin and eosin,chose out the wax piece of cancer and cancerous peripheral tissue,examined the expression of MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene in above tissues apply immunohistochemical method,measure the range between the furthest point of gene positive expression in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue and the edge of cancer tissue;and analyze the relation among the experiment date and tumor stage(T stage,N stage,TNM stage), pathology type,vertical length of cancer.Statistical analysis: SPSS Version 11.5 software was used for statistical analysis. T-test, Analysis of variance, Analysis of linear regression and correlation were used to assess the differences groups. In this study, P<0.05 was considered Statistical significant.Results:1. The expression of MMP-2 gene and survivin gene in cancer tissue: There were 29 cases (85.29%) MMP-2 gene and 26 cases (76.47%) Survivin gene positive expression in 34 patients.2. The positive expression of MMP-2 gene and survivin gene in cancerous peripheral tissue: There were 25 cases, in 29 cases whose MMP-2 gene positive expression, which have sub-clinic focus, all of them are positive expression towards MMP-2 gene(82.75%) except one case whose sub-clinic focus was jumping focus lie in sub-mucosa tissue. In the distance area of the tumor and sub-clinic focus, there were 19 cases(65.51%) positive expression in natural squamous epidermis, 4 cases (13.79%) positive expression in gland, 6 cases(20.68%) positive expression both above, 6 cases (20.68%)negative expression both in natural squamous epidermis and in gland. There were 22 cases, in 26 cases whose Survivin gene positive expression,which have sub-clinic focus, all of them are positive expression towards Survivin gene(84.61%). In the distance area of the tumor and sub-clinic focus, there were 15 cases(57.69%) positive expression in natural squamous epidermis, 7 cases(26.92%) positive expression in gland, 4 cases (15.38%) positive expression both above, 4 cases(15.38%) negative expression both in natural squamous epidermis and in gland.3. The positive expression of MMP-2 gene and surviving gene in cancerous peripheral tissue: The expression range of MMP-2 gene in cancerous peripheral tissue Upper and Lower the tumor was 17.16～70.38mm and 15～82.38mm, mean±standard difference was 39.24±14.05mm and 39.24±14.05mm, median was 36.36mm and 37.87mm. There were 9 cases(31.03%) and 8 cases (27.58%) in cancerous peripheral tissue Upper and Lower the tumor whose expression range <30mm, 17 cases (58.62%) and 15 cases (51.72%)<40mm, 22 cases (75.86%),20 cases (68.96%)<50mm, 26 cases (89.65%),21 cases (72.41%)<60mm, 28 cases (96.55%) both Upper and Lower the tumor<70mm. The expression range of Survivin gene in cancerous peripheral tissue Upper and Lower the tumor was 3.7～76.42mm and 16.12～56.32mm, mean±standard difference was 36.22±15.52mm and 33.39±10.20mm, median was 35.58mm and 31.21mm. There were 9 cases (34.61%),8 cases (30.76%) in cancerous peripheral tissue Upper and Lower the tumor whose expression range <30mm, 15 cases (57.69%),19 cases (73.07%)<40mm, 22 cases (84.61%),25 cases (96.15%)<50mm, 24 cases (92.30%),26 cases (100%)<60mm, 25 cases (96.15%) and 26 cases(100%)<70mm.4. The relation of the positive ranges of the two genes in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue with the development of stage(T stage,N stage,TNM stage) and with the tumor pathology type: Along with the depress of the T stage, the positive ranges of MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue were increase, and the differences were Statistical significant(P= 0.005,0.01 and 0.03,0.04). The positive ranges of the two genes in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue in the group of territorial lymph node metastasis (N1) were larger than the group of without territorial lymph node metastasis (N0), and the differences were Statistical significant(P= 0.002,0.01 and 0.04,0.03). With the debase of the TNM stage, there were increase current for the positive ranges of MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue and the differences were Statistical significant(P= 0.005,0.02 and 0.003,0). Among the different general pathology model of the tumor, there were no statistical significant towards the positive ranges of MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue (P>0.05).5. The relation of the positive ranges of the two genes in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue with the tumor lengthways length: There were no statistical significant between the positive ranges of MMP-2 gene in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue and the tumor lengthways length(P>0.05). There were relations of linear regression and positive correlativity between the positive expression range of Survivin gene in cancerous peripheral tissue above the tumor and the tumor lengthways length, the regression equation is Y=16.3708+0.532X, the correlation coefficient is 0.5660, the correlation coefficient probability is 0.0026. Similarly there were relations of linear regression and positive correlativity between the positive expression range of Survivin gene in cancerous peripheral tissue below the tumor and the tumor lengthways length , the regression equation is Y=23.7936+0.2572X, the correlation coefficient is 0.4164, the correlation coefficient probability is 0.0344.Conclusion: Both MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene had high level positive expression in esophageal cancer tissue,and there were positive expression in some degree in the corresponding cancerous peripheral tissue,the range of the gene positive expression in cancerous peripheral esophageal tissue have consanguineous relation with development of the tumor stage,and the range of survivin gene expression had positive correlation to tumor lengthways length. So we thought MMP-2 gene and Survivin gene can become candidate genes for the study of esophageal cancer molecular imaging.
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