| Sea cucumbers are important food and drug Resources from ocean, contain many bioactive constituents like polysaccharides, triterpene glycosides and collagen polypeptides. Take Apostichopus japonicus, Pearsonothuria graeffei, Thelenata anax as research object, extract polysaccharides(PS), triterpene glycosides(TrG) and collagen polypeptides(CP) from these sea cucumbers body wall, investigate and compare the effects of different species of sea cucumbers on the level of blood lipid and peroxidation in hyperlipidemia rats, protective effects on vascular endothelial cells and anti-tumor activitities of these 3 kinds of bioactive Constituents, to evaluate sea cucumbers and the 3 main bioactive ingredients systematicly in nutritional effectiveness, provide scientific basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of sea cucumbers.Hyperlipemia model rats were established by fed with high fat diet, and 3 species of sea cucumbers was given to them simultaneously at dosage of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg, respectively. The contents of total chclesterd(TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-C/ HDL-C and NO in serum, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) , glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in serum and liver were examined on the 30th day. The 3 species of sea cucumbers could decrease the contents of serum TC (P<0.01,P<0.05), LDL-C (P<0.01,P<0.05) and LDL-C/HDL-C(P<0.05,P<0.01), increase serum HDL-C(P<0.01,P<0.05) and NO significantly, decreased the contents of serum and liver MDA (P<0.01,P<0.05), enhance the activities of serum and liver SOD (P<0.01,P<0.05) and GSH-PX (P<0.01,P<0.05) markedly. All the 3 species of sea cucumbers can decreace the level of blood lipid and peroxidation in serum and tissue of hyperlipidemia rats, prevent the formation of hyperlipidemia and atherogenesis potentially. The effect of A. japonicus is the best.MTT assay were used to test the influence of PS, TrG and CP from the 3 species of sea cucumbers on proliferation activities of endothelial cell oxidative damage. The influence on content of MDA was examined by TBA assay. Nitric acid deoxidize enzyme assay was used to observe the influence on the contents of NO and activity of NOS. Apoptosis of vascular endothellial cells was measured by DNA-ladder and Hoechst dyeing. All doses of PS and CP could protect vascular endothellial cells from injury induced by ox-LDL.Cell proliferation activity, NO content and NOS activity were stimulated significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01), the content of MDA was decreased remarkably (P<0.05, P<0.01), and cell apoptosis induced by ox-LDL was inhibited observably (P<0.05, P<0.01). TrG of A. japonicus could stimulate cell proliferation activities of vascular endothellial cells injury induced by ox-LDL(P<0.05, P<0.01), decrease the content of MDA remarkably (P<0.05, P<0.01), inhibite cell apoptosis induced by ox-LDL(P<0.05, P<0.01). TrG of P. graeffei and T. anax decrease the content of MDA remarkably (P<0.05, P<0.01), while inhibite cell proliferation activities of vascular endothellial cells significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). That could be concluded: Polysaccharides and collagen polypeptides from all the 3 species of sea cucumbers and TrG of A. japonicus have the protective effects on vascular endothelial cells oxidative damaged by ox-LDL. TrG of P. graeffei and T. anax have Cytotoxicity to the vascular endothelial cells.MTT assay were used to test the influence of PS, TrG and CP from the 3 species of sea cucumbers on proliferation activities of Hela, S180, Caco-2 and P388. The 3 kinds of TrG could inhibit Cell proliferation activity of Hela,S180 and Caco-2 cells remarkably (P<0.05, P<0.01). All the 3 kinds of PS could inhibit Cell proliferation activity of Caco-2 cells remarkably (P<0.05, P<0.01). CP has no significant effect on proliferation activity of tumor cells. We can find that TrG of sea cucumber has Cytotoxicity to many cell lines, and PS has Selective Cytotoxicity.
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