Study On Extraction Of Polysaccharides From The Barley And Their Biological Activities

Barley is a kind of plants which could be used as vegetable and drug. The barley resource is very rich in China. About 70% barley and barley bran are used as the fodder. It is difficult to utilize the barley resources and the additional value is low. Investigations indicated that the barley had ditissimus pharmacological activity such as regulating blood lipid, anti-aging and the hypoglycemic effect. In this article, the barley and barley bran were used as raw material. The extraction of polysaccharides and their activities such as anti-tummor activity, antioxidation activity were studied. This research provided the foundation for exploitating the healthy food and medicine. And it also provided a new method for utilizing of barley and barley bran.The main research contents and results as follows:1,To study the extraction technology of the barley polysaccharides and barley bran polysaccharides prepared from the barley and barley bran. To study the extraction technology of the barley alkaline polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides prepared from the residues of the barley and barley bran. The results showed that the optimum extracting baley polysaccharides conditions were: extraction temperature 100℃, the solid-liquid ratio 1:20 and the extraction time of 3 hours. The yield and content of barley polysaccharides were 3.10% and 64.29%. The optimum extracting baley bran polysaccharides conditions were: the solid-liquid ratio 1:18, extraction temperature 100℃and the extraction time of 2 hours. The yield and content of braley bran polysaccharides was 9.81% and 56.63%. The optimum extracting barley alkaline polysaccharides conditions were: extraction temperature 80℃, the solid-liquid ratio 1:20, the extraction time of 2hours and pH 10. The yield and content of barley alkaline polysaccharides were 3.52% and 44.16%. To extrac barley bran alkaline polysaccharides with extraction temperature 80℃, the solid-liquid ratio 1:20, the extraction time of 2hours and pH 10.The yield and content of barley bran alkaline polysaccharides were 6.78% and 41.96%.2,To study the antioxygen activity of the barley polysaccharides, barley alkaline polysaccharides, barley bran polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides.(1) To study the scavenging free radicals activity of the polysaccharides by using orthohydroxybenzoic acid, DPPH and pyrogallol autoxidation method. The results showed that the four kinds of polysaccharides had good effect on scavenging free radicals. The scavenging rates of hydroxide radical were 50% at the concentration of 5.88mg/mL, 7.33mg/mL, 7.58 mg/mL and 10.61 mg/mL of the four kinds of polysaccharides. The scavenging rates of hydroxide radical were 97.14%, 98.59%, 94.37% and 90.79% at the concentration of 20mg/ml. The scavenging rates of DPPH radical were 50% at the concentration of 2.45mg/mL, 0.76mg/mL, 1.42mg/mL and 0.68mg/mL of the four kinds of polysaccharides. The scavenging rates of superoxide radical were 50% at the concentration of 6.31mg/mL and 6.84mg/mL of the barley polysaccharides and barley bran polysaccharides.(2) To study the antioxidation of edible oils and fats by oven-storage test. The results showed that the four kinds of polysaccharides had some effect on antioxidation. The inhibition rate of the 0.2% four kinds of polysaccharides to lard oil were 25.92%, 27.78%, 25.92% and 25.92%. The inhibition rate of the 0.2% four kinds of polysaccharides to soybean oil were 33.33%, 36.67%, 30% and 33.33%.(3) To study the lipid peroxidation activities of the four kinds of polysaccharides. The results showed that polysaccharides had good inhibiting effect on mice red cells hemolysis and MDA in liver of mice. The effect was determined by the dose of polysaccharides. The inhibiting rate of mice red cells hemolysis was 50% at the concentration of 9.08mg/mL of the barley polysaccharides. The inhibiting rates of mice red cells hemolysis were 48.06%, 49.61% and 49.87% at the concentration of 9.65mg/ mL, 9.39mg/ mL and 9.00mg/ mL of the barley alkaline polysaccharides, barley bran polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides. The inhibiting rates of MDA in liver of mice were 50% at the concentration of 5.46mg/mL, 2.51mg/ mL, 6.78mg/ mL and 3.31mg/ mL.(4) HSS was used to build aging model in mice.To study the antioxidation in vivo of the barley bran polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides. The results showed that the large dose group (300mg/ml) of the barley bran polysaccharides increased the activity of SOD in serum and decreased the content of MDA in liver tissue (p<0.001). The large dose group (300 mg/ml) of the barley bran alkaline polysaccharides decreased the content of MDA in serum (p<0.001).3,To study the antitumor activity in vitro of the barley bran polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides by using the MTT method. The results showed that barley bran polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides had some ability to inhibite the growth of HepG-2 and A549. The inhibition rate of A549 was 36.50% at the concentration of 600ug/mL of the barley bran polysaccharides. The inhibition rate of HepG-2 was 55.67% at the concentration of 300ug/ml of the barley bran polysaccharides. Barley bran polysaccharides and barley bran alkaline polysaccharides did not have the ability to inhibite the growth of Eca-109.