Three-dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy Dosimetric Study For Middle And Lower Thoracic Esophageal Carcinoma And FTIR Spectra Analysis On Esophageal Carcinoma

Esophageal carcinoma is the most common cancer in China,accounting for more than 50 percent of patients aroud the world.Mortality of esophageal carcinoma ranks the second place in malignant tumor in China.So it's very important for patients diagnosing and curing esophageal carcinoma earlier and quickly.In recently years,people have maked large scale of research.Radiotherapy has always been the main treatment method because most of patients suffered from the locally advanced stage of this disease.Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT) is the novel approache to the field of radiation therapy.But the choice of targets and how to increase the dose of targets and pretect the OARs were still to remain controversial.Firstly,Using Varian Cadplan 6.2 three dimensional treatment planning system,to assess the dosimetric of different radiation therapy plans and obtain a better technique in the treatment of middle and lower thoracic esophageal carcinoma.Than,this study employs fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy to study the finger nails from some normal people and patients of esophagus cancer and others who had surgery for curing esophagus cancer five months ago.Partâ… Three-dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy Dosimetric Study for Middle and Lower Thoracic Esophageal Carcinoma Objective:Using Varian Cadplan 6.2 three dimensional treatment planning system,to assess the dosimetric of different radiation therapy plans and obtain a better technique in the treatment of middle and lower thoracic esophageal carcinoma.Method:The CT image data of 15 esophageal carcinoma patients treat with 3DCRT were studied.The gross target volume(PTV),clinical target volume(CTV),plan taeget volume(PTV),lung,heart,spinal cord were contoured on the consecutive axial slices of CT image.Five treatment planning protocols were simulated using three dimensional treatment planning system(Varian Cadplan 6.2),were difined as 2D-3,3D-3,3D-4, 3D-6,2D+3D.The total radiation dose was 66 Gy.Dose volume histogram(DVH), tumor control probability(TCP),nomal tissue complication probability(NTCP),and conformity index(CI) and so on were used to assess the target volume dosimetric distribution and nomal tissue complication probability.Results:TCP of 2D-3,3D-3,3D-4,3D-6,2D+3D groups were68%,70%,77%,83%,66%; CI were0.52,0.66,0.66,0.69,0.52,respectively.The left lung volume received radiation dose of 20 Gy(V₂₀)were28.0%,25.8%,31.7%,41.08%,29.1%.NTCP were3.32%,2.18%, 3.05%,6.62%,4.62%;the right lung volume received radiation dose of 20 Gy(V₂₀) were 26.7%,28.5%,30.1%,40.0%,21.4%.NTCP were 3.32%,2.18%,3.05%,6.62%,4.62%, respectively.The maximum dose at the heart were 66.05Gy,66.69Gy,64.84Gy, 65.74Gy,65.23 Gy;the mean dose were 25.39Gy,21.29Gy,19.78Gy,19.00Gy,23.30Gy respectively.The maximum dose at the spinal cord were 49.52Gy,37.23Gy,42.23Gy, 33.99Gy,43.23 Gy,respectively.Conclusions:As compared with the conventional radiotherapy,3DCRT increases the CI and TCP,and decreases the dose at the spinal cord and heart,and decreases the NTCP of heart.3DCRT can decrease the MLD of left and right lung.But it doesn't have superiority in V₂₀,V₃₀,NTCP on left and right lung.3D-6 has a super-raise in V₂₀ and NTCP on left and right lung.So it doesn't have advantage in protecting normal tissue, which make it possiple to avoid 3D-6 breakthrough plan.3D-3 and 3D-4 have respective advantage in pretecting heart and lung.We must choose plan individually. And 3D-3 plan is recommended for the middle and lower esophageal carcinoma patients who have below the mark in lung function;and 3D-4 plan is recommended for the middle and lower esophageal carcinoma patients who have below the mark in heart function.Partâ…¡FTIR Spectra Study on Finger Nails of Esophageal CarcinomaObjective:Studying the differences of FTIR on esophageal carcinoma patients,normal ones and patients who have had surgey.To investigate the application of FTIR in the diagnosis of cancer.Method:Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to study the finger nails from some normal people and some with esophagus cancer and others who had surgey for curing esophagus cancer five months ago.Results:Differences were found between many aspects like band shape,frequency and intensity,and so forth.With comparison of the FTIR Spectra of normal people's fingernails,at the peaks of vs(PO2—) and vas(PO2—),the cancerous ones shifted to long wave number while the operation ones shifted to short wave number;At the relative intensity of C—O of protein,the cancerous ones increased while the operation ones decreased but still higher than normal ones;At the peaks of the stretching vibration CH2 and CH3 of proteolipid,the cancerous ones shifted to short number and the operation ones between them and the normal ones;While at the peaks of the bending vibration CH2 and CH3 of proteolipid,the cancerous ones shifted to long number and the operation ones recover to the level of normal ones;At the peaks of amideâ… and amideâ…¡,the cancerous ones shifted to short number and the operation ones between them and the normal ones.Conclusion:The FTIR spectra of normal finger nail and finger nail with carcinoma of esophagus and finger nail who have had operation are quite different.These differences have indicated that FTIR has a fair foreground in diagnosing esophageal carcinoma earlier and quickly.