The Change Of Chinese Dietary Fatty Acids Intake In Past Twenty Years And Study On The Effect Of Different Fatty Acids Composition On Lipid Metabolism Of Aged Rats With Atherosclerosis

As the economic development and changes of the people's dietary structure,the Cardiovascular disease(cardiovascular disease,CVD)has become the main disease that harms the human health and occupies the first place of disease which cause death in our country.A lot epidemiology research show that the development of CVD is tightly relates to diet and nutrition.Differences of total dietary fat intake and proportion also relate to CVD.For example,the intake of saturated fatty acids(SFA) will increase the blood lipids and the monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)and the polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)will.reduce the role of lipids.In addition,under the same total fat content of various fatty acid composition is different from the regulation of blood lipids and incidence of chronic disease,such as CVD,the development and effects will not be same.Therefore,a reasonable reduction of total dietary fat intake and actively explore dietary fatty acid composition is very significant for promoting the ideal of health and preventing the incidence of CVD and other chronic disease.This research based on the survey of nationwide dietary in twenty years,combined with daily dietary characters,to study the effect of different composition and the allocated proportion fatty acid on atherosclerotic rats' fatty acid metabolism.The main results are followings:1.Base on the data of nationwide dietary survey in 1982,1992,and 2002,the kinds and quantity of Chinese daily food by combining relevant statistical data were investigated,the change of dietary pattern of Chinese populations were obtained. There were significantly positive correlation between the intake of fat,cholesterol and incidence,mortality of CHD.2.The fat in all food made up Chinese diet was abstracted by chloroform -methanol and methlylated with NaOCH₃,measured by GC,We obtained the situation of diet fatty acids in twenty years.Chinese resident took in 37.5g dietary fatty acids a day in 1982,SFA:MUFA:PUFA=1:1.5:1.4,n-6/n-3=9.56:1;in 1992, the daily intake of fatty acids was 54.86g,SFA:MUFA:PUFA=1:1.4:1.05, n-6/n-3=8.80:1;.People were taking in dietary fatty acids 71g everyday,SFA:MUFA: PUFA=1:1.3:1.1,n-6/n-3=9.55:1 in 2002.3.The rat with atherosclerosis were fed by different fatty acids composition but same n-6/n-3 ratio(n-6/n-3=1)and same percentage of energy from fat diet,we found TC,TG and LDL-C of all group decreased efficiently.The TC,TG and LDL-C of group 6(SFA:MUFA:PUFA=1:1.2:1.5)with addition of VE and propolis were significantly lower than that of other groups.4.Different fatty acids composition had different effects on tissue fatty acids of rats with atherosclerosis,when the rat with atherosclerosis were fed under same percentage of energy from fat diet and same n-6/n-3 ratio(n-6/n-3=1).The content ofα-linolenic acid in muscle tissue increased with the increase of MUFA%in diet.When dietary PUFA%relative increased(such as SFA:MUFA:PUFA=1:1.2:1.5),the ratio of n-6/n-3 in rats' tissue decreased,but the content of DHA in cardiac tissue significantly increased;S:M:P=1:1.2:1 and S:M:P=1:1.2:1.5 would benefit the deposition of AA in livers tissue;S:M:P=1:1.2:1 or 1:1.2:1.5 is more beneficial to the transformation from LA to AA in kidney tissue.5.There may be exsiting competition between n-6PUFA and n-3PUFA in tissue fatty acids.6.Different fatty acids composition has different effect on different tissue fatty acids of the rats with atherosclerosis,but different fatty acids composition has no effect on brain tissue fatty acids.