| Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease with very high incidence in middle-aged and old age which the pathogenesy was the degeneration of articular cartilage principal that a good deal of factors induced.Now most treatments only mitigated pains and ameliorate functions, but not alter the course of disease. So the focus drug treatment was decreased the degeneration and delayed development of pathological changes. At present oral Glucosamine Hydrochloride capsule was used in gonarthritis,the research of Chondroitin Sulfate gone deep into with each passing day and was used in several disease such as artherosclerosis dysaudia and so on successfully. There was no report about affiliate application of Glucosamine Hydrochloride and Chondroitin Sulfate in OA.The purpose of this research was to detect whether Oral Glucosamine Hydrochloride With Chondroitin Sulfate more utility than oral glucosamine hydrochloride repaired degraded cartilage and had a development-delaying effect in an experimental rabbit model of osteoarthritis and to provide evidence for open up new pathway clinical iateria.Methods:The experiment was performed on 40 male adult New Zealand white rabbits which were divided randomly into 4 groups including Group A(control, n=10),group B(placebo, n=10), group C(treating with glucosamine, n=10) and groupD(treating with Chondroitin Sulfate and glucosamine). OA model was induced by intra-articular injection 1.6% papain 0.5milliliter in the first and fourth day on the right knee joint of group B,C and group D which had been anesthetized with 3% pentobarbital. At the same time group A received the same volume physiologic Sodium Chloride. Penicilin intramuscular injection to avoid infection.All the rabbits received routine forage with free-running respectively later.The rabbits in group B, Cand D appeared experimental ostearthritis in intermediate stage typically which knee joint intumesced,the range of motion diminished and the local skin engorged with claudication.The Group C received glucosamine hydrochloride everyday since the third week of the experiment.and Group D get Glucosamine Hydrochloride With Chondroitin Sulfate by intragastric administration everyday identical. Group A and group B received the same volume physiologic Sodium Chloride. All of rabbits were killed by gas embolism in week 11. Macroscopic and histologic evaluation were performed on the articular cartilage with Safranin-O staining. The activity of SOD and the content of MDA in the blood serum were analyzed. The articular cartilage cell was also analyzed for the ratio of apoptosis.Results:1.Macroscopic observation: group A, normal articular cartilage with smooth surface ,brightly luster and clear synovial fluid with borderline integrated.There was no erosion and lenition of articular cartilage; group B, surface rough,dim fairly, form obvious osteophyma with the bulk of turbid synovial fluid; group C, cartilage lesion was less than group B. The surface coarsed relatively and synovial fluid increased; group D, articular cartilage with smooth surface, cartilage lesion was less than group C.2.Light microscope observation: group A, normal articular cartilage with intact surface stained Safranin O, constitution lampros, cartilage cellule arrange regularity and intact tide line; group B, double tide line was also observed; severe loss of Safranin O staining and loss of cartilage cellule. group C, diffuse loss of Safranin O staining midrange and surface irregularity. Group D, superficial loss of Safranin O staining and structure distinguished and arrangement ordered.3. Mankin score was significantly higher in group B than in group A (P<0.01). Mankin score was significantly lower in group D than in group C (P<0.01),but higher than in group A(P<0.01).4. We found significant difference in all three groups from Mankin grade of articular cartilage(x2=27.082, df=3,P<0.01). The Mankin grade was lower in group B than in group A, C and D.The Mankin grade was higher than in group C,but lower than in group A.5.The activity of SOD was significantly lower in group B than in group A (P<0.01). The activity of SOD was significantly higher in group C and D than in group B (P<0.05). The activity of SOD was significantly higher in group D than in group C (P<0.01)but no difference with group A(P>0.05). 6.The content of MDA was significantly higher in group B than in group A(P<0.01). The content of MDA was significantly lower in group C and D than in group B(P<0.05). The content of MDA was significantly lower in group D than in group C(P<0.01) but higher than in group A(P<0.05). 7. The concentration of NO was significantly higher in group B than in group A(P<0.01). The concentration of NO was significantly lower in group C and D than in group B(P<0.05). The content of NO was significantly lower in group D than in group C(P<0.05) but higher than in group A(P<0.05). 8.The ratio of apoptosis of articular cartilage was significantly higher in group B than in group A (P<0.01). The ratio of apoptosis of articular cartilage was significantly lower in group C than in group B (P<0.05). The ratio of apoptosis of articular cartilage was significantly lower in group D than in group C (P<0.05)but higher than in group A(P<0.05).Conclusion: glucosamine hydrochloride with Chondroitin Sulfate could repaired articular carlitage which degenerated more obviously thereby had a disease-retarding effect in this rabbit model of osteoarthritis.
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