| Background and ObjectiveTo improve healthy quality of drinking water and prevent water-borne infectious diseases,drinking water-improving project has been carried out from 1996 at Yuyao county.The project aimed to expand water supply populations and to increase healthy quality of drinking water.A series of water-improving measures were taken such as changing waterhead, enforcing waterhead supervisal,building regional waterworks wellequipped,reconstructing simple country waterworks,strengthening supervisal and examination and regulating water quality.In the study,water quality changes before drinking water-improving project and now were dynamic analyzed.The annual water quality changes and the difference of all checkout indexes were compared also. At the same time,the incidence of water-borne infectious diseases was investigated.The relativity between water quality changes and the incidence of water-borne infectious diseases was analyzed.So the relationship between them would be disclosed.For 10 years water-improving,the social benefits were researched and the economic advantages were evaluated in Yuyao County.Then the farther water-improving and more reasonable supervisal modes which are adapted to regional request will be explored.Data Collection and Statistical AnalyseThe drinking water data and water-borne infectious diseases data were obtained from Yuyao CDC.The 1996-2005's data which included water-improving investment and establishment or equipment reconstruction were obtained from drinking-water director,patriotic health committee,and the survey to water making and supplying corporations.By random investigating 500 middle age residents who were from 5 towns(streets)at east,south,west,north and central Yuyao County,the changes data of the individual healthy and water-using habits of residents and environmental health were obtained.The qualification rates of every water quality indexes and the difference of water quality indexes between town and city were analyzed by chi-square test.The relationships among water-improving benefits, water quality changes and the incidence of water-borne infectious diseases were also discussed.All data were statistical analyzed by SPSS 13.0.ResultsThe study indicate that the synthetic qualification rates of drinking water quality increased to 89.18%(later five years)from 49.13%(former five years).The drinking water quality increased step by step from 1996 to 2005.The qualification rates of city drinking water quality increased to 100%(at 2005)from 92%(at 1996).Also the qualification rates of village drinking water quality increased to 87.15%(at 2005)from 62.9% (at 1996).For the synthetic qualification rates of drinking water quality and every water quality indexes,there were significant improvement between before water-improving and after water-improving.And the differences of these indexes were significant.The beneficial population increased to 814,800(at 2005)from 586,300 (before water-improving).The popularizing rates of drinking water increased to 98.55%(at 2005)from 70.63%(1995).After water-improving,the daily per capita water consumption increased by 40 L averagely.The frequency of washing clothes increased sharply.The peasants who bathed or shampooed one time at least every week increased to 98.79%(after water-improving)from 82.45%(before water-improving).Compared with after water-improving,the rate of informants who thought indoor environment,kitchen sanitation and lavatory sanitation improved apparently was 98.23%,96.56%and 86.28%separately.There were significant differences of the incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases(cholera,hepatitis A,bacteroidal diarrhea and typhoid or paratyphoid)between former 5 years and later 5 years.The incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases except bacteroidal diarrhea showed downtrends year after year in 10 past years.By relativity analyzing,there were negative correlations between overall incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases and the qualification rate of drinking water coliform group,between the incidence of hepatitis A and drinking water coliform, between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water total plate count(TPC)and between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water coliform.Also,the study suggested the qualification rate of secondary water supply was low.Generally,the qualification rate of village water quality was lower than city and the qualification rate of mountainous areas was lower than plain areas.Furthermore,there were more than 10,000 mountainous peasants who could not drink healthy and safe drink water.ConclusionThe study suggested the popularizing rates of drinking water increased sharply and the qualification rates of water source,leaving factory water and web water improved significantly.The synthetic qualification rates of drinking water quality increased to 89.18%(later five years)from 49.13% (former five years).And there was significant difference between two periods.The qualification rates of city drinking water quality increased to 100%(at 2005)from 92%(at 1996).Also the qualification rates of village drinking water quality increased to 87.15%(at 2005)from 62.9% (at 1996).The equal daily water-using of individuals had great increase compared with before water-improving.The status of individual health and inhabited environment had significant improvement also in village. There were significant differences of the incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases(cholera,hepatitis A,bacteroidal diarrhea and typhoid or paratyphoid)between former 5 years and later 5 years.The incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases except bacteroidal diarrhea showed downtrends year after year in 10 past years.By relativity analyzing,there were negative correlations between overall incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases and the qualification rate of drinking water coliform group,between the incidence of hepatitis A and drinking water coliform, between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water total plate count(TPC)and between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water coliform.The results indicated there were relationships between the increasing of the qualification rates of microorganism indexes in drinking water and the decreasing of the incidences of water-borne infectious diseases.However,the study suggested some weakness existed in drinking water-improving project in Yuyao County.For example,the qualification rate of village water quality was lower than city and the qualification rate of mountainous areas was lower than plain areas.Also,the qualification rate of secondary water supply was low.Furthermore,there were more than 10,000 mountainous peasants who could not drink healthy and safe living drink water.If the actual states changed,some relative measures should be taken which include accelerating integrative drinking water in city and village,strengthening disinfection manage of secondary water supply and protecting strictly drinking water source.
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