The Relationship Between The Body Mass Index With The Perinatal Outcomes Of The Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Women

Objective To study the relationship between the maternal prepregnancy body mass index(BMI)and BMI gain during pregnancy with the perinatal outcomes of the gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) women.Methods 238 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM were enrolled in this study,all the women were instructed in the use of diet therapy to achieved targeted levels of glycemic control.Perinatal outcomes were observed and analyzed according to maternal prepregnancy body mass index(BMI,kg/m~2)categories:normal weight group(18.5≤BMI＜23) include 84 women,overweight group(23≤BMI＜25):include 102 women, and obese group(BMI≥25):include 52 women;and also analyzed according to BMI gain during pregnancy categories:A group(BMI gain＜4):include 50women,B group(4≤BMI gain≤6):include 125 women,C group(BMI gain＞6):include 63 women. Results The rates of preeclampsia,fetus distress and preterm delivery in obese group(26.0%,23.1%,32.7%)were higher than that in normal weight group(11.9%,8.3%,8.3%)(P＜0.05).The normal weight group have less fetus distress(8.3%)than overweight group(23.5%)and obese group(23.1%)(P＜0.05).There was no significant differences about polyhydramnios in three group(10.7%,14.7%,17.3%)and premature rupture of membrane in three groups(15.4%,13.7%,13.5%)(P＞0.05).The rates of fetal macrosomia in C group(25.4%)were higher than that in A (6.0%)and B group(12.0%)(P＜0.05).The newborn of C group have more hypoglycemia than B group(28.6%VS 16.0%)(P＜0.05).Among the A B and C groups,the rates of neonatal distress(12.0%,10.4%,14.2%),jaundice(6%,4.8%,4.7%)and wet lung(0.2%,2.4%,7.9%)had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion The GDM women with prepregnancy BMI≥25 and BMI gain＞6 during pregnancy have the higher risk of adverse prenatal outcome such as preterm delivery,preeclampsia and fetus distress.The BMI gain during pregnancy of GDM women should be suitable controlled,and then the prenatal outcome would be enhanced.