| Objective: To examine children nutrition, child neglect and neurotrophic factor on the children with ADHD, to explore the risk factors associated with ADHD so that providing the science bases of the effective prevention and cure.Methods: According to the principle of willingness, the children aged 6 to 10 years from the child health department, were selected in the clinic, divided into the ADHD group, by the ADHD diagnosis standard in the Fourth Edition of Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) criteria, and the normal group,by means of the principle of 1:1 matching, as same as the sex and age of child in ADHD group.To examine intelligence quotient (IQ) with Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices, and to divide ADHD into four subtypes with IVA-CPT, to assess the child's meals structure, nutritive elements, blood ammonia level and body fluid acid-base equilibrium with the diet investigation, blood serum trace element, concentration of blood ammonia, blood PH and the related biochemical indicator, to assess the status of child neglect among the tried child with Evaluation Questionnaire of Child Neglect of Urban Children in China, to analyze physical, emotional, medical, educational and safe neglect situation with Logistic multiple regression analysis, and to measure the concentration of S100βin blood with ELISA method so as to access the child cerebrum growth mature condition.Result: Our data showed that①The energy intake in the ADHD group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The heats rate of three kind of nutrient indicated that Carbohydrate was insuffcient and protein and fat were excessive in ADHD children.②There was no difference in the contents of serum calcium, iron, copper between the ADHD and control group, while the contents of serum magnesium and zinc of ADHD children were obviously lower than the control group.③The blood ammonia level of children in ADHD group was obviously higher than the normal group.④The blood PH of children in ADHD group and normal group was 7.39±0.03, 7.41±0.02 respectively, the both were in normal range but the former was meta acids than the latter. The SB, Na+ and Cl- levels of children in the ADHD group were higher than the normal group.⑤The children neglected and neglect degree in ADHD group were more than the normal group. Such as neglect score of physical, emotional, educational and medical neglect subscales of ADHD group were higher than the control group, and the score of safe neglect subscale was not significant difference.⑥the average content of S100βprotein in 6-10 year old normal school children was 42.71pg/ml, the standard deviation was 10.76 pg/ml, and with no different in sex and age.⑦The content of serum S100βprotein in children of ADHD group was obviously lower than that of children in normal group, which had obviously positive correlation with IQ and scores of IVT-CPT. There was no remarkable difference in the content of serum S100βprotein during four subtypes.Conclusion: The data indicated that①The unreasonable meals structure, imbalanced nutrition and body fluid acid-base equilibrium disorder of children were the causative factors of ADHD.②There was some relation between child neglect and ADHD, especially the emotional , educational and medical neglect subscales were primary hazard factor of ADHD morbidity.③In our data the content of serum S100βprotein in 6-10 year old normal school children can be applied in clinic.④Compared with control group, in ADHD group, the content of serum S100βprotein was obviously lower, indicated that there was relation between S100βand ADHD, further prompted the child with ADHD was associated with the brain development immature.
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