| ObjectiveTo study anti-tumor and immune effect of freeze-dried sea cucumber powder on S180-bearing mouse from eastern sea,and study the inhibitory effect of freeze-dried sea cucumber powder on experimental mammary cancer and its underlying mechanisms.Methods1.S180 tumor cells were subcutaneouly inoculated to fifty health kunming mice and were randomly divided into five groups(model control group,positive control group,and low,middle,high dose groups).After the groups were orally administrated the solution of freeze-dried sea cucumber powder for ten days,the weights of tumors and the inhibition rates of tumor were counted,and the pathological changes of tumors were observed and the expressions of caspase-3 proteins,bcl-2 proteins and bax proteins were detected in the tumor tissues,and the thymus index and spleen index were observed,the contents of interleukin-2(IL-2)and TNF-αin the serum were detected.2.Eighty health Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two big groups(control group,sea cucumber group),the control group was divided into normal group and model control group,the sea cucumber group was deeply divided into the low,middle,high group the solution of freezed-dried sea cucumber powder was given before DMBA induced mammary cancer and the low,middle,high group the solution of freezed-dried sea cucumber powder was given after DMBA incuced mammary cancer(first goup,second group,third group,fourth group,fifth group,six group),the former three groups and model control group were intragastrically administrated the solution of freeze-dried sea cucumber powder for two weeks firstly and then the rats were orally administrated DMBA twice every other week.The latter three groups were orally administrated DMBA twice every other week and then the rats were intragastrically administrated the solution of freeze-dried sea cucumber powder after two weeks.All the rats were given the solution of freeze-dried sea cucumber powder till twenty-fourth weeks.The incubation period and the incidence rates of mammary cancer were counted,the pathological changes of mammary cancer were observed by microscope.The expressions of VEGF proteins,bFGF proteins and PCNA proteins were detected in the tumor tissues.Results1.①Comparison with the control groups,the weights of tumor were declined and the inhibition rates of tumor were remarkably decreased in the middle,high groups (P＜0.05或P＜0.01).②The pathological changes of model control group were very obvious.The expressions of caspase-3 proteins in the treated groups were more higher than those of model control groups(P＜0.01),the expressions ofbcl-2 proteins in the middle,high groups were much more lower than model control group(P＜0.05),the expressions of bcl-2 proteins in the low,middle group were significantly increased compared with positive control group(P＜0.01).The expressions of bax proteins in the high group were much more higher than model control group(P＜0.01),but the expressions of bax proteins in three treated groups lower than the positive control group(P＜0.05).③The thymus index,spleen index indicated an increased tendency.There was no significant difference between the treated group and the model control group and positive control group(P＞0.05).④The contents of IL-2 in the middle,high groups were more higher than model control groups(P＜0.01),the contents of IL-2 were significantly increased compared with positive control group (P＜0.01).The contents of TNF-αin the high group were increased remarkably in comparison with the model control group(P＜0.05),while the contents of TNF-αin the treated groups were decreased significantly in comparison with the positive control group(P＜0.01).2①The incubation period of the treated group were extended notably than the model control group(P＜0.01).②The incidence rates of model control group and the treated group reached 70%,60%,60%,40%,60%,60%,50%respectively.③The gray scale of the middle,high groups increased highly than the model control group,the expressions of VEGF proteins decreased remarkably(P＜0.01).④The gray scale of bFGF showed significant different between the middle,high groups and the model control group,while the expressions of bFGF were lower than the model control group (P＜0.01).⑤Compared with the model control group,the gray scale increased significantly,while the expressions of bFGF decreased significantly(P＜0.01).ConclusionsFreeze-dried sea cucumber powder could be effective antitumor and could protect and recovery the immune system of S180-bearing mice,as well as the freeze-dried sea cucumber can inhibit the growth of mammary cancer in rat.
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