| BackgroundCell is the most basic functional unit. The similar cells constitute a tissue, different tissues constitute a form and functions of the organ with specified appearance and function, several organs with similar functions constitute a system with specified function. The human body has been identified nine functional systems, respectively digestion, respiratory, urinary, reproductive cycle, sports, sensory, neurological and endocrine. According to three embryonic germ layers principle of the embryonic development, developmental biology theory and modern medical biological research findings, combined with our research in the digital people, we think that after the mesoderm-derived mesenchymal differentiate into multiple organs and systems, the legacy forms the fascia connective tissue which is spread all over the body. The fascia connective tissue provides supportive and reserve function for other functional cells renewing, -- Support And Reserve System. The stem cells play very important part in this system. At the same time, with the function of nervous system and immune system, the fascia connective tissue can detects body's environmental changes and regulate the whole body's functional status-Autologous Monitoring System. Therefore, we have proposed that in human's body, there is the 10th functional system - Support Reserve And Self-monitoring system.Meridian is the basis of the theory of Chinese medicine, and the key point for the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) modernization is to reveal the substance of Meridian Theory. In the process of study of digital human, we divide, mark, and 3D reconstruct the connective tissue, which is more concerned in the study of meridian. And we found the three-dimensional structure of the beaded kind, which is similar with the ancient records.We believe that the coarse site is equivalent with "Point", smaller site is equivalent with "meridians". Through the whole body fascia reconstruction shows that the internal compartment in the body formed by the soft support from shallow to deep structure can bi divided into five kinds of composition: 1, dermal dense connective tissue; 2, subcutaneous loose connective tissue (shallow fascia); 3, loose connective tissue in the inter muscular septum (deep fascia), 4, loose connective tissue around the neurovascular tract; 5, loose connective tissue of the hili and tunica of the visceral organ. By studying the needle position and manipulation in 14 Meridians, and 361 acupoints, we found the needle position were located at different levels of fascia. Among the total, the loose connective tissue in the inter muscular septum is at most, followed by dermal dense connective tissue and Subcutaneous loose connective tissue, a small number of loose connective tissue in the surface of muscle and the connective tissue in the internal organs door, capsule, and internal partitions. From the perspective of fascia, we believe that the basic points of Chinese medicine including acupuncture, scraping, percussopunctator, is by physical stimulation to adjustment the body's situation and metabolism; Chinese medicine is by the role of bioactive components, adjust the cells' status in the connective tissue and metabolism. Including, the anatomic basis of Chinese acupuncture is rich human fascia connective tissue (such as: in inter muscular septum, and muscle gap, rotation of the needle can pull large-scale fascia structure). In fact, the difference between the stimulating points (acupuncture points) and non-stimulating points, is only in quantitative but not in qualitative. By improving fascia connective tissue's microcirculation situation fascia (promoting blood flow, removing blood stasis) and the permeability of the basal lamina (invigorating vital energy), Chinese medicine can regulate cell's regeneration and activity.By analysis of the process of biological evolution, we know that connective tissue is derived from mesenchymal tissue, and the mesenchymal tissue comes from sub-mesenchymal tissue, while sub- mesenchymal tissue is from primary mesenchymal tissue. Generally speaking, multicellular biology - extracellular fluid - maintaining stability of biological environmental and appearance, repairing damaged cells, regulating metabolism; tri-embryonic germ layers animals - mesenchymal tissue -differentiating into various organs and systems to maintain the stability of the environment, repairing damaged cells and regulating their metabolism; higher animals - fascia connective tissue - supporting, fixing, segregating, repairing damaged cells, regulating their metabolism.Mesenchymal stem cells have the capability of self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation. Initially, it was found by Friendenstein, is proved that in vitro they can differentiate into osteoblast and fat cells. And then the other research team found bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal stem cells (B-MSCs) can not only differentiate into tissues from mesoderm, but also into the tissues from both endoderm and ectoderm. Now, there are many reports of using mesenchymal stem cell transplantation successfully treat myocardial infarction, congenital hypoplasia of bone, diseases of nervous system, diabetes. At the moment, study is more in the bone marrow-derived MSCs, but MSCs is widely distributed in other tissues, including bone marrow, muscle, blood vessels, liver, pancreas and fat, etc. It is consistent from Mesenchymal stem cells' multiple sources to the fascia connective tissue's distribution and from its biological characteristics of vertical and horizontal differentiation to the fascia connective tissue playing support and reserve role in body. In 2007, UCLA (University of California Los Angeles) researchers and the Harvard researchers, by adding four kinds of transcription factors which can conjunct with DNA-specific sites including Nanog and OCT-4, to mouse fibroblast cells, the fibroblast cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotential cells, and a number of test results confirmed that these reprogramming cells are very similar with embryonic stem cells from structure to function.Then, to prove fascia connective tissue circum-stem cells plays support and reserve role in body, we can carry out the initial study from the following aspects:1. Whether there is MSCs in the fascia connective tissue;2. Whether the physical stimulation can affect the cells in the fascia connective tissue, and what is it;3. Why the cells' alterations play support and reserve role in body.ObjectiveTo study the cell biology basis of Fascia connective tissue's function of support and reserve in the body, by studying the effect of cells in fascia connective tissue caused by mechanical tensile stimulation.1. To judge that whether the MSCs exist in fascia connective tissue;2. Study the effect of mechanical tensile stimulation to cell's Proliferative activity in fascia connective tissue;3. Study whether mechanical tensile stimulation can change cytokine gene expression related with fascia connective tissue. Methods1. Obtaining subcutaneous fascia connective tissue from adult rat, isolate and culture fascia connective tissue derived MSCs with enzyme digestion method. Judge whether the cells derived from fascia connective tissue are consistent with MSCs' characteristics by morphology and function. To judge that whether non-specific fascia connective tissue contains MSCs.2. Mechanical tensile stimulate fascia connective tissue compartment; BrdU incorporation marks cell proliferation; observe cell Proliferative activity by immunofluorescence, and statistical analyze; observe the effect of the fascia stretching stimulation to connective tissue structure and morphology.3. Mechanical tensile stimulate fascia connective tissue compartment; amplify gene fragments by RT-PCR, to observe the following genes' expression in the fascia connective tissue: Embryonic stem cell-specific gene: Nanog, OCT-4; angiogenesis factor: VEGF; cell proliferation factor: a-fgf.Results1. Morphological characteristics of fascia connective tissue derived cells is consistent with MSCs; DNA content of the fascia connective tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells are most in the G0/G1 phase(> 96%), and the S-phase cells fraction is only about 1%; In vitro, the cells can be induced to differentiate into osteoblast, and fat cells.2. After the mechanical tensile stimulate fascia connective tissue, the experimental rats' inguinal fat pad lose its normal structure, more bleeding incision, cell proliferation activity is significantly improved.3. After the mechanical tensile stimulate fascia connective tissue, cell proliferation factor: a -fgf, angiogenesis factor: VEGF's levels of gene expression is significantly increased; embryonic stem cell-specific gene: Nanog, OCT-4's gene expressions are not detected.Conclusion1.â‘ Fascia connective tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells have the morphological features of long spindle, and polygon, and can form cell colony. There is no significant difference with the other kinds of MSCs in morphology;â‘¡Cell cycle detection, the majority of cells are in a static state (G0/G1), in line with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics;â‘¢The cells can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and fat cells. It can be judged that mesenchymal stem cells exist in mature rats' fascia connective tissue.2. Mechanical tensile stimulation can significantly improve cell proliferation activity in the fascia connective tissue. Tentative confirm viewpoint of fasciaology: physical stimulation changes cell activity in the fascia connective tissue, to play the support and reserve role in organism.3. Mechanical tensile stimulation can significantly improve the gene expression of the cell proliferation factor: a-fgf, angiogenesis factor VEGF in fascia connective tissue. The high expression gene can promote cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. But the experiment failed to detect gene expression of stem cells related factors Nanog, OCT-4. Then we can't to confirm that fascia connective tissue circum-stem cells play the support and reserve role in organism, from the relevant factors of the stem cells.
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