| Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of magnesium sulfate treatment on the neuron apoptosis in rats after acute radioactive brain injuries.Methods: 60 maturity Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: experimental group, experimental control group and blank control group. The whole brains of SD rats of experimental control group and experimental group were irradiated with a single dose of 20Gy by 6MeV electron . The neuron apoptosis was observed on the 1st d, the 3rd d, the 7th d, the 14th d after acute radioactive brain injury, transmission electron microscope(TEM) was used to observe the morphological changes , Tunel technique was used to measure the apoptosis rate, and Immunohistochemical staining was used todetermine the expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 . Data was processed by One-ANOVA of SPSS 16 software.Results:1. TEM observation: Compared with the blank control group ,apoptosis appeared in nerve cell,neuralgia cell,blood vessel,myelin sheath in experimental control group, compared with experimental control group the apoptosis was reduced obviously in experimental group.2. Compared with blank control group, apoptosis rate and positive expression of caspase-3 were increased significantly (p<0.05) in experimental control group. Compared with experimental control group, apoptosis rate and positive expression were reduced significantly (p<0.05) in experimental group.3. Compared with blank control group, Bcl-2 expression remained at the same level in experimental control group. Bcl-2 expression in experimental group was increased slightly on the 3rd day in experimental group.Conclusion: 1.The magnesium sulfate used in early stage can inhibit some neuron apoptosis induced by radiation.2. The magnesium sulfate can inhibit the apoptosis by reducing the expression of caspase-3 , so it has protective effect to the injuries.3. The magnesium sulfate can reduce the apoptosis through increasing the expression of Bcl-2.
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