The Role And Mechanism Of Nitrative Stress In Cardiovascular Diseases

Nitrative stress is an important posttranslational modification involving a variety of diseases.Many recent studies demonstrated that nitrative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of several major cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial ischemical reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis,heart failure,hypertension. nitration is a biological process derived from the biochemical interaction of nitric oxide or nitric oxide-derived secondary products ( RNS ) with reactive oxygen species,lead to the concomitant formation of tyrosyl radicals and?NO2,which combine at diffusion-controlled rates to form 3-nitrotyrosine,then lead cell damage or death,which cause many kinds of cytotoxic effects in cells.It is occurred via peroxynitrite or nitrite/hydrogen peroxide/hemeproxydase system,and nitrotyrosine is formed by free radical reaction. In this article,the role and mechanism of nitrative stress in several major cardiovascular diseases are reviewed.It points out that protein nitration has selectivity,and nitration of special tyrosine residue(s)can lead to the alteration of the structure and functions of the protein.Individual identification of nitrated proteins in vivo and investigation of the relation between special protein nitration and the development and progression of many cardiovascular diseases may open new avenues for the preventing and treatment of human cardiovascular diseases.