Study On The Correlation Between Immune Function Of High-risk Population In China And Pathogenesis Of Esophageal Cancer

Objective:A tumor such as esophageal carcinoma is a class of immune-related diseases which is proved by a large of experiments. The decreased immunocompetence of human bodies is an important cause of tumor genesis. A long- term epidemiological research showed that the conventional treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and operation could not improve the life quality and survival time of tumor patients. So more and more people have understood the importance of the discovery, diagnosis and treatment in the early stage. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the correlation between immune function of high-risk population whose age is higher than 40 in China and pathogenesis of esophageal cancer, and the same time to find an easy going and low-cost census method in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer.Method: : An endoscope survey with lugo,s staining was carried out in 19 villages of Cixian. The results were recorded in detail, the biopsy specimens were fixed by 80% alcohol and stained by hematoxylin-eoxsin(HE),the diagnosis were made by pathologists. We divided the people who participated our census into atypical hyperplasia group, cancer group, and then, we selected 321 persons randomly from the normal people as control group.1 The expressions of CD158 and HLA-DR in peripheral blood T lymphocyte of cancer group (35 persons), atypical hyperplasia group (54 persons) and control group (321 persons) were detected by FCM.2 The expressions of HLA-DR in 35 upper digestive tract cancer tissue samples and 45 normal upper digestive tract tissue samples were detected by IHC.3 Analysis data with the statistical software named SPSS 11.5.Results:1 there are 410 blood samples we collected from the census:(1) The expression of HLA-DR (Gated) in cancer group (24.078±10.967) is higher than atypical hyperplasia (20.128±7.418) and control group (18.192±7.749), the difference is statistically significant (F=9.155,P=0.000).(2) The expression of HLA-DR (Total) is 6.278±3.587 in cancer group, 5.680±2.839 in atypical hyperplasia group, 5.440±2.941 in control group. The difference among 3 groups is not statistically significant (F=1.308,P=0.271).(3) The expression of CD158a (Gated) is 5.364±5.802 in cancer group, 5.112±4.269 in atypical hyperplasia group, 5.767±6.011 in control group. The difference among 3 groups is not statistically significant (F=0.340,P=0.712).(4) The expression of CD158a (Total) is 1.316±1.218 in cancer group, 1.441±1.375 in atypical hyperplasia group, 1.713±1.970 in control group. The difference among 3 groups is not statistically significant. (F=1.101,P=0.334).2 There are 80 tissue samples including 35 upper digestive tract cancer tissue samples and 45 normal upper digestive tract tissue samples. The expressions of HLA-DR in all of the upper digestive tract samples are negative.Conclusion: The HLA-DR antigen express abnormally in serum of esophageal cancer patient. It maybe relate with the pathogenesis of the esophageal cancer. Objective:The T lymph leukocyte is divided several subgroups. Every subgroup has different role respectively. The change of these T lymph leukocyte subgroups could show the physiological functions of human bodies. Masses of researches confirm that the T lymph leukocyte play a very important role in specific immune response and nonspecific immune response of human bodies. They can also can help and accommodate the humoral immunity which is mediated by B lymph leukocyte. The purpose of this research is to analysis the difference of the immunologic function between the esophageal carcinoma group and the control group. Finding a way for clinical fulfill to anticipate the pathogenetic condition and assess the therapeutic effect.Method: 115 blood preparations from esophageal carcinoma patients and 359 blood preparations from the normal controls. The expression of CD4 and CD8 were detected by FMC.Results: The expression of CD8 is 29.179±9.894 in control group and 36.242±11.449 in cancer group. From the one-factor analysis of variance, the F value is 41.022 and P value is 0.000. The expression of CD4 is 39.489±10.940 in control group and 30.370±11.549 in cancer group. From the one-factor analysis of variance, the F value is 58.907 and P value is 0.000. CD4/CD8 is 1.535±0.7623 in control group and 1.018±0.797 in cancer group. From the one-factor analysis of variance, the F value is 39.015 and P value is 0.000. The differences of CD8, CD4 and CD4/CD8 between the cancer group and the control group are statistically significant.The cancer group is divided into lymph node metastasis group and non-metastasis group. The expression of CD8 is 36.133±12.048 in lymph node metastasis group and 36.345±10.954 in non-metastasis group. From the one-factor analysis of variance, the F value is 0.010 and P value is 0.921. The expression of CD4 is 29.158±12.607 in lymph node metastasis group and 31.520±10.424 in non-metastasis group. From the one-factor analysis of variance, the F value is 1.204 and P value is 0.275. CD4/CD8 is 1.019±0.927 in lymph node metastasis group and 1.018±0.659 in non-metastasis group. From the one-factor analysis of variance, the F value is 0.000 and P value is 0.994. The differences of CD8, CD4 and CD4/CD8 between the lymph node metastasis group and the non-metastasis group are not statistically significant.Conclusion: The expression of CD4 and CD8 on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocyte which is from the esophageal carcinoma patients is abnormal; the CD4/CD8 is abnormal too. They maybe relate with the pathogenesis of the esophageal cancer.The cancer group is divided into lymph node metastasis group and non-metastasis group. The differences of CD8, CD4 and CD4/CD8 between the lymph node metastasis group and the non-metastasis group are not statistically significant.