Consonant Errors Analysis And Treatment Strategies For Children With Hearing Impairment

Consonants are the key and difficult points in the articulation therapy of children with hearing-impairment.Researches about hearing-impaired children's consonants mainly focused on the acquisition of consonants and analyzed the error patterns of consonants as a whole,without intensive analysis on errors of each consonant. Meanwhile,China hasn't established a systemic framework for the treatment of consonants and few treatment strategies can guide clinical practice.Therefore, through the analysis of 64 hearing-impaired children's 21 consonant phoneme pronunciation,this research aimed to analyze the main errors of every consonant in detail,establish a systemic framework for the treatment of consonants and explore the treatment strategies according to different errors of consonants.First of all,through the analysis of 64 hearing-impaired children's 21 consonant phoneme pronunciation,this research obtained consonants' acquisition order of hearing-impaired children.The 21 consonants can be divided into four difficulty level as follows:the first level/b,d,m,p,h/,the second level/t,n,k,x,g/,the third level/f,l,j,q/and the fourth level/z,zh,sh,c,s,r,ch/.Second,on the base of the analysis of 64 hearing-impaired children's 21 consonant phoneme pronunciation,the research analyzed the main errors of every consonant of the first,second and third difficulty levels in details.The research also revealed these consonants share the same error patterns,which are/m,n/,/p,t/,/d,t/,/g,k/,/j,q/,/z,c,s/and/zh,ch,sh/.Third,the research established a systemic framework for the treatment of consonants.The therapy for consonant phonemes should include auditory identification and articulation production training.Articulation production training includes induction,acquisition,contrast and reinforcement,and induction is the key and difficult point in the consonant therapy.Fourth,the research,on the base of the detail analysis of main errors of all the consonants,under the guide of systemic framework for the treatment of consonants, explored the treatment strategies of consonants in the first,second and third difficulty level,according to different consonant errors.