The Effects Of Pioglitazone On Autoimmune Injuries To The Testis And The Pituitaries In STZ-inducet Diabetic Rats

Part-Ⅰ:The effects of pioglitazone on abnormal deposition of immunoglobulins on the testis and the pituitaries in STZ-induced diabetic ratsObjective:Diabetes mellitus is a cluster of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia,as the disease goes on,multiple system injuries may occur,and the life quality is affected seriously.The etiology is not clear.Serum glucose controlling is a chief therapy for diabetes at present,but it can't block the advancing.Recent studies showed immune and inflammation join the initiation and development of diabetes;and.pioglitazone may have immunosuppressive effect.,so we try to investigate its effect on the deposition of immunoglobulins on the testis and the pituitaries in diabetic rats,and provide therapy basement for the clinical treatment.Methods:There were ninety-six SD rats,Twelve of them were selected randomly as normal group(H),the rest were induced to diabetes by intravenous administration of STZ,then they were further randomly divided into seven groups to receive different agents,that is low dose pioglitazone group(A),big dose piolitazone group(B),low dose pioglitazone and insulin group(C),cyclosporine A group(D), cyclosporine A and insunlin group(E),insulin group(F) and no treatment group(G). All of the rats were killed sixteen weeks after the establishment of disease model,the blood and urine samples were reserved and the serum albumin,triglyceride,insulin, creatine,urea nitrogen and urine albumin were examined,the pathological change of pituitary and testis were observed by HE and MASSON dyeing,and the disposition of immunoglobulins were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, and the pictures were analysed by Image-Pro Plus 5.1 and SPSS 16.0.Results:The diabetes model was successfully established,and all of the diabetes groups had elevated triglyceride,creatine,urea,nitrogen and urine protein as well as decreased insulin,and the groups that treated with pioglitazone had relatively better results.The indicators of liver function kept almost normal,and the blood glucose showed no decrease after treatment but the the fasting blood glucose level of C,E and F group was lower than that of the A,B,D and G group(P＜0.05).In diabetes rats,the contorted seminiferous tubules had thinner epithelial lamina,vacuole-like change,the sperm number was smaller than normal,and the interstitium proliferated with more vascellums.Slight fibrosis could be found on both testis and pituitary.The disposition of IgA,IgG,and IgM in the diabetes group was more than the normal group (P＜0.05),and it can be alleviated by all the medicine we use,while the groups of low dose pioglitazone or cyclosporine A combinding insulin had the least immunoglobulin disposition(P＜0.05),the big dose pioglitazone group had better results than the insulin group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The pituitary and the testis are injured in diabetes,immune reaction joins this process,and pioglitazone may have immunosuppressive effect independent of the blood glucose level without destroying the function of liver and kidney.Part-Ⅱ:The effects ofpioglitazone on the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,FAS and FASL on the testis and the pituitaries in STZ-induced diabetic ratsObjective:The study above indicated that immune injury took part in the pathology of diabetes,since there is close relation between immune reaction and inflammation,we checked the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,FAS and FASL in the testis and pituitary to further investigate whether piglitazone can reduce the expression and have the anti-inflammatory effect.Methods:The modeling and grouping of the experimental animals were the same as above.The expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,FAS and FASL were detected by immunohistochemistry stain,and the pictures were analysed as before.Results:The expression of TNF-α,FASL and FAS in the testis of diabetes group were stronger than that of normal group(P＜0.05),while in the diabetes rats,the no treatment group was the strongest(P＜0.05),the low dose pioglitazone or cyclosporine A combinding insunlin group showed the least expression(P＜0.05 ).The big dose pioglitazone group expressed lower level than the insulin group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The elevated expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,FAS and FASL indicate the exist of inflammation injury in diabetes,both the testis and the pituitary are involved,and pioglitazone has antinflamation effect,giving a new meaning to its effect on the treatment of diabetes and the chronic complications of diabetes.