According To Genetic Features About Yersinia Pestis, The Analysis Of The Character On Plauge Nature Focus Of Yulong, Yunnan

The plague was a kind of deadly infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis. The natural foci of the plague with 1500 years history have wide distribution on the world. Yersinia pestis stains which commonly has different biochemical character and easily changed genomes evolved rapidly There were nearly ten whole genome data of Yersinia pestis which supplied many informion to the research of the plague.There were five patients with the symptoms of hyperpyrexia; cough; expectoration; blood-stained sputum and dyspnea in Luzi village , Yulong county, Yunnan province. After the initial diagnosis of unidentified type of servious pneumonia, the disease of this five patients was diagnosed as pneumonic plague.A survey team formed by five technical sections did a systemic investigation including ecology; host; medium; serosurvey and etiology. The survery emphasized on Luzi village, and surveried the villages near the Luzi village. The result of the survery showed that E.miletus and Apodemus chevrieri were dominant hosts; Neopsylla specialis specialis and Ctenophthalmus quadratus were dominant medium and the seropositivity rate of the plague F1 antibody in indicator animal-dog and cat was 23.5% and 26.4% respectively. There was five Yersinia pestis stains isolated from rats which had died and flea. From these results, we draw the conclusion that Yulong county was potential plague natural focus.We extract the DNA of the yersinia pestis strain (D106004) which was isolated in the survey and complete the sequencing of the whole-genome and the prediction of coding sequence (CDS). At the same time, we choose two strains (Jianchuan strain D182038 and Tibet strain Z176003) which are from Apodemus chevrieri-Eothnomys miletus plague foci of the Highland and Marnota himalayana plague foci of the Qinghai_Xizang plateau as controls.We compared the whole CDS of 8 yersinia pestis strains each other The strains have been sequenced which are D182038, D106004, CO92, KIM, 91001, Nepal516, Antiqua, Pestoides F. We establish a database about the Default coding sequence. On this basis, we analized the CDS of Yulong and Jianchuan strain. The results showed that: in general the CDS of Jianchuan and Yulong strain have non-significant differences on the composition of the COG classification, but in the database of the Default, the CDS of Jianchuan and Yulong strain have specific differences on the partial COG cluster.At the same time, we compared yersinia pestis EV76 protein sequence which are the expression and the Yersinia pestis genomes which are from Yulong and Jianchuan.We find that D106004 and D182038 are closer, but there are 56 different protein sequences between D106004 and D182038. In 56 different protein sequences, there are 24 protein sequences may be a large number of expression in Yulong strains and 16 protein sequences may be a large number of expression in Jianchuan strains. The results indicate that there are some differences between Yulong and Jianchuan in "high-expressed genes", the reason may be that Yersinia pestis evolved alone in Yulong and Jianchuan.Through the comparison about the CDS and "high-expressed genes" between Yulong and Jianchuan strains, we find that they may come from the same ancestors, but also the evolution of both their own unique characteristics. Jianchuan plague natural focus and Yulong plague natural focus are the same type focus, but relatively independent of plague natural focus, which is due to the nature barrier in two geographical foci. The existence of such independence is quite long, so the genotype of the plague strains as the differences in many points.