Comparative Study On The Development Of Chinese And Foreign Higher Nursing Education

Because of the appearance of knowledge economy and globalization of the economy, the internationalization of nursing education and nursing service has become increasingly obvious. And the worldwide shortage and drain of nurses has become a real problem that all of the countries have to confront. It has become the focus of the nursing educators to produce qualified nurses with professional and moral qualities. It was our research contents to use foreign experiences for reference. One hand, we could provide evidence for relevant departments when they meant to reform nursing higher education and make relevant policies. On the other hand, we could develop international communication and cooperation to export qualified nursing talents, translating the huge population pressure into rich human resources.The study is divided into three main parts as follows:In the first part,PubMed and CNKI were searched for published articles from 1997 to 2008 on nursing education of China or(and) foreign countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Thailand and Turkey. And the research focus was the the essential factors involving in the intellectual training process, such as cultivation objectives, curriculum organization, nursing faculty, teaching methods and education evaluation systems. Methods applied included document retrieval,comparative method, content analysis and chi-square tests. In the second part,taking the United States, the United Kingdom, Thailand, Turkey and China as the research subject, a longitudinal and horizontal comparative analysis of nursing higher education both at home and abroad was carried out by employing comparative method. The horizontal analysis described the intellectual training process in detail , including four educational levels (higher vocational, undergraduate, master's degree and doctor's degree education). While, the longitudinal analysis described the history as well as the present status of domestic and foreign higher nursing education. The third part was about the thoughts and suggestions on higher nursing education in our country.Conclusions and suggestions:In the aspect of research on nursing education,①Strengthen the study of teaching methods to explore the ones suitable to Chinese nursing students, including CAL, IPE, PDA, PBL et al.②Strengthen the research on practice mode to explore the right one for China. And strengthen the study on CAM, informatics, gerontology, genetics, et al. so that curriculum content could be modernized. ③Strengthen the study on the training of nursing faculty to ease the vacancy and improve the quality of the teaching staff as well.④Strengthen the study on the evaluation modes of nursing education and the evaluation system of the specialties of nursing as well.⑤Strengthen the study on detailed and multiple-level cultivationobjectives.In the aspect of intellectual training,①Expand enrollment scale and adjust the educational structure of higher nursing education.②Reform the enrollment system and expand university autonomy to test students' comprehensive competence.③Establish detailed cultivation objectives of higher nursing education which should be multiple-level.④Optimize the curricular: in the education of higher vocational and undergraduate students, we should reduce the proportion of professional basic courses and increase the proportion of practice and humanistic courses; design new curriculum systems for graduate students which should be consistent with the cultivation objectives.⑤Reform the modes of examination, apply various testing methods⑥Strengthen the construction of teachers.⑦Reform the teaching methods.⑧Establish an Education evaluation institution which should be composed of nursing experts; construct evaluation indicators which should reflect the feature of the nursing profession.