| Objective To study the changes of blood pressure,blood lipids,conformational changes and aortic atherosclerosis in rats after combined high salt and rich fat diet ingestion as well as the possible blocking role of simvastatin in process.Method a total of 60 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 grous, namely normal control group (N group),rich fat intake group (F group) and high salt intake group (S group), high salt with rich fat intake group (SF group),rich fat with high salt plus simvastatin group (T group) and were given standard diet (0.4%,0.2% salt and cholesterol), high fat diet (1.2% cholesterol,0.4% salt) high salt diet (4.4% salt,0.2% cholesterol), high salt compound fat diet (4.4% salt,1.2% cholesterol) and high salt with rich fat diet plus t simvastatin (0.2mg/kg) after 10 weeks measured weight,measured blood pressure, heart rate using tail-cuff sphygmomanometer of rats in each group, was collected to determine serum concentrations of triglyceride and total cholesterol; get ascending aortic root initial segment of aortic rings to 10μm thickness intervals do Frozen sections were oil red O and hematoxylin staining of the middle artery atherosclerosis situation; routine hematoxylin-eosin staining in the calculation of film thickness and arterial arterial lumen area and lumen area ratio of the total.Results (1) FS group, F group, S group were systolic blood pressure (170.5±14.787 mmHg,148.95±27.383mmHg,160.4±18.010mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (131.315±9.00mmHg,116.7±5.147mmHg,131.589±11.548mmHg) compared with N group, the three blood pressure was significantly higher (P <0.001), while the T group compared with N group also increased, but significantly lower than the FS group, (P<0.05). FS group heart rate (38.70±20.166 beats/min) compared with the other group differences (P<0.001), while the F group and S group (411.4±19.132 beats/min,409.00±10.424beats/min) and the N group and the T group, no difference; Similarly, N group than, FS group and F group body weight was significantly higher than N group (412.34±45.61g,390.86±35.55g, P<0.001), whereas body weight was lower than T N group (344.48±27.59g, P<0.001), S group, FS group and no significant difference between the F group.(2) F group and the FS fat group was significantly higher total cholesterol and blood lipid (1.875±0.133mmol/L,2.036±0.177mmol/L), while triglyceride was also significantly increased in the two groups (1.062, with the N group and T group was significantly higher (P<0.001), while the S group and N group no significant difference.(3) S group, F group and the FS group was significantly abnormal arterial configuration, arterial medial thickness(135.28±12.29μm,158.86±15.23μm, 184.00±13.40μm),thickened with the normal group (P<0.001); while arterial lumen area and lumen area ratio of the total there are obvious exceptions, FS group, F Group artery lumen area/total area ratio was significantly decreased (66.7±6.91,72.9±4.90) compared with the N group was significantly smaller (P<0.05).(4) HE staining of biopsy 50% FS group in rats the typical atherosclerotic changes in the membrane showed thickening of the remaining oil red O staining showed significant fatty infiltration of the vessel wall; while at the same group of 30% F atherosclerotic plaques occurs, oil red O staining showed fatty infiltration; the S group and simvastatin group without atherosclerotic changes, manifested in the film thickness.Conclusion 1. The rat's blood pressure rise significantly after high salt or fat ingestion, which is enhanced by combined two factors, indicating the hypertensive rat model can be established by high salt with rich fat diet2. Diet combined high salt and rich fat can induce arterial intima thickening and atherosclerosis,the pathologic process can be blocked by Statins, which simulate the clinic situation.
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