Clinical Value Of Tumor Markers In The Early Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Research Background and Objective:In recent years, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer increase rapidly, it has become the major reason in human cancer deaths, But, most patients with little symptoms and signs in early and mid-term tumor. At the time of diagnosis it is already advanced, and lost opportunities for radical resection. Therefore, it is of great significance to raise the early diagnostic and treatment levels of lung cancer.Serum tumor marker(TM) is one of the major research topics of modern oncology while the serum detection of lung cancer has become an important target for the diagnosis of the malignancy. However, a single TM would not be satisfactory in sensitivity and specificity, which shows its limitations in the diagnosis of lung cancer.So, for the lung cancer patients, we have conducted combined detection of the Squamous cell carcinoma associated Antigen (SCCA), Cytokeratin Fragment Antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1),Carcinoembryonic Antigen(CEA) and Neuron Specific Enolase NSE) in the diagnosis of this mortal disease, to evaluate the role of the combined detection in the diagnosis of lung cancer.Material and methods:Select 210 patients who present in the 1st affiliated hospital of Zhe.Tiang university of Respiratory Department in 2008-2010(112 patients diagnosed with lung cancer,98 patients with benign lung diseases). Randomly selected 120 patients who have physical examination in the 1st affiliated hospital of ZheJiang university.to detecte the SCCA. CYFRA21-1, NSE, CEA in serum. The evident data about the contrasts among various groups were found through variance analysis while x2 was done to compare the positive rates.Result:1.Serum concentrations of several kinds of tumor marker in patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those with benign lung diseases and healthy group. The serum concentrations of CEA, NSE, SCCA, CYFRA21-1 in lung cancer patients are 20.5±15.1,18.8±10.2,10.1±7.3,9.1±5.7. The difference was highly significant (P<0.05).2. The positive rates of SCCA in squamous carcinoma, CEA in adenocarcinoma and NSE in SCLC were 75.8%,62.2%and 88.9%, respectively with significant difference between them (P<0.01).3.The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of serum several tumor markers is higher than that of one marker in the diagnosis of lung cancer. The sensitivity of the combination of CYFRA21-1+CEA+ NSE+SCCA is the highest (89.3%). But he specificity is lower(71.6%). The specificity of the combination of CEA+NSE+SCCA is the highest (79.4%),and next is CEA+ C YFRA21-1+SCCA (77.1%) with significant difference between them (P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Serum concentrations of CYFRA21-1, CEA, NSE and SCCA are helpful in diagnosis of lung cancer.2. SCCA is the best tumor marker in squamous carcinoma. CEA is the best tumor marker in adenocarcinoma, NSE is the best tumor marker in small cell lung cancer. CYFRA21-1 is higher positive rate both in squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.3. The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of serum several tumor markers is higher than that of one marker in the early diagnosis of lung cancer.