| Objective:The applications of Metabonomics on the investigation of characteristic metabolites and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome types biological essential of metabolic syndrome.Methods:①Make a collection of cases in Physical Examination Center and Traditional Chinese medicine out-patient of the first affiliated hospital of JiNan University, then Detect the plasma micromolecule metabolites of normal people(n=11), MS high-risk people(n=13) and MS patients(n=12) with Bruker400MHz NMR technology to get the metabolic fingerprints. Process principal component analysis and partial least squares analysis after the metabolic fingerprints' integral data processing to get the scoring charts and load maps which can identify metabolites with different features so as to identify biomarkers and trace their sources and metabolic pathways.②1H-NMR maps of three different syndromes of MS patients (including 13 dampness and phlegm retetion syndrome people,13 intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome people and 13 deficiency of both vital energy and yin syndrome people)and healthy people(n=13) were differentiated with metabonomics technology, Metabolic models of different MS TCM syndromes were generated by orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS) method, then the metabolic profiling was distinguished to find out potential biomarkers and their metabolic pathways.Results:1. According to the principal component analysis model, normal people can be completely separated from MS high-risk people and MS patients, and there is obvious cluster between MS high-risk group and MS group with a MS high-risk to MS transition trend, but the two groups can still be approximately separated. According to the spectra and load chart analysis, compare with normal people, in the MS high-risk patient's blood plasma metabolite includes high density VLDL, LDL, the lactic acid, the ethyl alcohol, the glucose and so on, compare with MS high-risk patients, MS group mainly includedβ-hydroxybutyric acid, VLDL, LDL, branched chain amino acid, creatine, citric acid, glutamate, butanedioic acid. So we can learn that no matter the high-risk patient or diagnoses the patient, has the fat metabolism exceptionally or the disorder, possibly is playing the important bridge role in metabolism syndrome successional variation process, mutual elements of MS high-risk group and MS group are mainly glucose, lipids, amino acids and lactic acid which are the products of the body's carbohydrates, sugars, fat and protein metabolic disorders.2. Results of the three syndromes of MS group were different from normal people, they were also different from each other based on multiple comparison of the OSC-PLS model. Dampness and phlegm retetion syndrome people includes high density ethanol, acetic acid, choline and other more obvious increase, may be a potential biomarker; Intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome is the most obvious in lipid metabolism, and lactic acid, citric acid, glutamic acid, succinic acid is higher of the three syndromes; Deficiency of both vital energy and yin syndrome people includes high densityβ-hydroxybutyric acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, amino-iso valeric acid N-acetyl glycoprotein and so on. Different results of three syndromes were in accordance with their clinical features, and all the corresponding metabolism of the substances can be reasonably explained. These results indicate that the small molecules in vivo may be material basis of TCM syndrome differentiation.Conclusion:MS not only results in metabolic disorders of sugar, lipid and protein, but also leads to metabolic disturbances of energy, immune system, amino acid and various metabolic systems. Different substances and different metabolic pathways between the three syndromes of MS could be identified with metabolomics technology. This suggested that metabonomics technology has greater advantages in pathophysiology study and the modernization of Chinese medicine than other traditional medical means.
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