| Research Objective:This research embarks from the movement fitness's idea, using 8-week training of different intensity aerobic exercise model to study rat's soleus muscle, gastrocnemius, biceps study, we determined the different intensity exercise groups of different skeletal muscle cell apoptosis, Bcl-2, Bax protein expression and intracellular Ca2+ concentration, exploring the appropriate exercise intensity and amount of exercise on skeletal muscle cell apoptosis, for scientific and reasonable physical fitness to provide research data.Methods:40 male three-month SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:quiet control group (C group), low intensity exercise group (LE Group), moderate-intensity exercise group (ME Group) and high-intensity exercise group (HE group), each group maintaining the above-mentioned load training to 8 weeks. Take soleus, gastrocnemius and biceps, the skeletal muscle of left leg used forTUNEL, Ca2+, and Bcl-2,Bax detection. With the United States COMPIX Simple PCI analysis of biological micro-imaging system for analysis, using SimplePCI 6.0 image analysis positive products.Results:(1) TUNEL:After 8-week different intensity training, rat soleus muscle cell apoptosis index in low intensity group than in the other three groups the lowest (P<0.05), along with the increasing exercise intensity, medium intensity group cell apoptosis did not change significantly, high-intensity group apoptotic index are higher than those of other groups (P<0.01), gastrocnemius muscle apoptosis index of high-intensity group are higher than those of other groups (P<0.01), while the other groups did not change significantly, biceps cells with apoptosis index of small-intensity group are the lowest, with the exercise intensity increased, apoptosis index of moderate-intensity group and the high-intensity group have increased.(2) Bax:medium intensity group's Bax content is highest, and the low-intensity is lowest; gastrocnemius Bax content in the exercise group were higher than a quiet group, in which high-intensity group is the highest; biceps Bax content is the highest in high-intensity group, medium intensity at least.(3) Bcl-2:soleus muscle's Bcl-2 content in the exercise group were higher than control group, in which the high-intensity is the lowest; gastrocnemius Bcl-2 content is the highest in low-intensity is the highest, and high-intensity is the lowest; biceps Bcl-2 content in control group of the highest and low-intensity of the lowest(4)Bcl-2/Bax:Soleus,gastrocnemius's Bcl-2/Bax ratio of low-intensity are the highest.Compared with other groups.they have very significant differences; biceps Bcl-2/Bax ratio of the small intensity is the highest, compared with with moderate-intensity group, high-intensity group were very significant difference.(5) Ca2+:Rat skeletal muscle's Ca2+content in exercise group were higher than the quiet group, and all have very significant difference.Conclusion:(1) Small-intensity exercise training can inhibit skeletal muscle cells apoptosis, can effectively protect the organism.(2) High-intensity exercise training can induce apoptosis in skeletal muscle cells.(3) The Soleus muscle (slow muscle) cell apoptosis rate is higher than the gastrocnemius (fast-twitch) cell's, this might be high-intensity exercise raise the motor unit in a different order.(4) Compared with control group, biceps apoptosis index was significantly increased, while the soleus, gastrocnemius apoptosis index did not change significantly.(5) Soleus and gastrocnemius muscles after low intensity exercise training, Bcl-2/Bax ratio increased, this result suggesting that low intensity exercise can effectively inhibit cell apoptosis, delay consenescence and promote health, but the biceps after moderate-intensity training, Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreases, intimating that moderate-intensity training may trigger cell apoptosis.(6) Skeletal muscle cells Ca2+content changes is related to apoptosis index.
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