| Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burk., a Dioscorea plant in Dioscoreaceae, is distributed only in China, widely in Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan provinces. Its rhizomes, the medicinal parts, have the effectiveness of wind expelling, heat clearing and detoxification in Chinese medicine, and are used for curing gastric diseases, bones injuries, rheumatic arthritis. In the 1980s it was found that this drug has the effects of dilating coronary artery and improving myocardial ischemia, and is the essential herbal resource of medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (such as Di-ao-xin-xue-kang).In order to control the quality of the medicinal material and its preparations, the chemical constituents in the rhizomes of Dioscorea panthaica were investigated.20 compounds were isolated from the extracts of Dioscorea panthaica by means of the column chromatography with silica gel, ODS and LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures have been confirmed by the physicochemical properties of the chemical compounds and the spectroscopic data and identified as:diosgenin (hsy-1),β-sitosterol (hsy-2), 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hepta-4E,6E-dien-3-one (hsy-3), trillin (hsy-4), progeninⅢ(3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside-diosgenin, hsy-5), progeninⅡ(3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside-diosgenin, hsy-6), dioscin (hsy-7), gracillin (hsy-8),26-O-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-3β,26-diol-25(R)-furosta-5,20(22)-dien-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (hsy-9), dioscoreside I (pregnadienolone 3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, hsy-10), pregnadienolone 3-O-β-chacotriside (hsy-11), pseudoprotodioscin (hsy-12), peudoprotogracillin (hsy-13),26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,20α,26-triol-25(R)-furosta-5,22(23)-dien-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (hsy-14), dioscoreside E (26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β, 26-diol-25(R)-furosta-5,22(23)-dien-20(R)-methoxyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, hsy-15),26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,20α,26-triol-25(R)-furosta-5,22(23)-dien-3-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside (hsy-16),26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-diol-20(R)-methoxyl-25(R)-furosta-5,22(23)-dien-3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(hsy-17),26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-diol-20,22-seco-25(R)-furosta-5-en-20,22-dione-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (hsy-18), dioscoreside D (26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,26-diol-20,22-seco-25(R)-furosta-5-en-20,22-dione-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, hsy-19),9,10,11-trihydroxy-(12Z)-12-octadecenoic acid (hsy-20).The 20 chemical compounds acquired include 16 steroidal saponins,1 sterol,1 fatty acid and 1 diaryl-heptane, among which hsy-16, hsy-17 and hsy-18 are new chemical compounds, while hsy-3, hsy-13, hsy-14 and hsy-20 are isolated from this plant for the first time.Based on the chemical study of Dioscorea panthaica, taking pseudoproto-dioscin, one of the main steroidal saponins, as the chemical reference substance, a high performance liquid chromatography method was developed to determine the content of pseudoprotodioscin in the rhizome of Dioscorea panthaica. By testing the precision, stability, repeatability and recovery of the method, it was proved that the method is accurate, sensitive, simple and time-saving. The property was described, the identification methods were set up, the contents of water, total ash, acid insoluble ash and extractive were determined. On these bases, the draft of quality standards for rhizome of Dioscorea panthaica has been written, and now this standards have been recorded in Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition of the People'Republic of China.
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