Researches On The Risk Factors Of Esophageal Carcinoma In Dongping Of Shandong Province, A High Accident Area In China

ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of esophageal cancer in Dong ping of Shandong Province, a highaccident area for esophageal cancer in China,so as to provide evidences for making the integrated preventive measures for esophageal cancer in the high accident place.MethodsA population-based 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted in DongPing.A total number of 472 pairs of cases and contronls matched on sex,age, and neighborhoods. Data ware analysed by SAS or SPSS software to calculate the odds ratios of and evaluate the relative risks.Using case-control study,we investigated 472 pairs about their environmental exposures and disease history of the family, and analyzed the risk factors of esophageal cancer.Mean-while, the multivariate analysis methods were used to assess the roles of environmental fac-tors,inheritance and behavior in the progress of esophageal.Results(1)It was found that lower socio-economic status,lower body mass index,lower culture degree,farmer,low average income per year,often being fuggy,more pickled vegetables int-ake, very hot foods and hard foods,alcoholic drinking,hot diet,hot tea drinking habit,inferior vinegar,ort,mildewed foods and fast eating were risk factors of esophageal cancer.It also showed that the subjects having had history of upper disgestive tract disease,chr-onic esophagitis,decayed tooth,pharyngitis,drinking-water polluted,and family history of esophageal cancer markedly increased the risks of developing esophageal cancer. However vivacity character, good family member relation, more economic income and frequent intakeof bean product,tea drinking,drinking a little,greenness vegetables, fruit, garlic and gingers were the protective factors of esophageal cancer.(2)By fitting condition Logistic regression model,It has showed that the risk factors of esophageal cancer included:lower body mass index,often being fuggy,history of upper disg-estive tract disease,chronic esophagitis,family history of esophageal cancer,drinking water polluted,often intaking hot-meal,dry-rigidity food,pickled-vegetables and drinking a great deal.However,often intaking bean product,greenness vegetables and garlic were the the pro-tective factors of esophageal cancer.To explore the risk factors of esophageal cancer in Do-ng ping of Shandong Province,a high accident area for esophageal cancer in China,so as to provide evidences for making the integrated preventive measures for esophageal cancer in the high accident place.(3)By no-condition Logistic regression model,It has showed that lower body mass index (BMI),often intaking hot-meal, pickled-vegetables were risk factors of esophageal cancer. However,often intaking bean product were the the protective factors of esophageal cancer.(4) The results showed that the hereditary factor was important in occurance of esophageal cancer and the family aggregation exists among the esophageal cancer cases in Dongping county. It also found that indence rate of the first-degree relatives in cases was (12.56%),significantly higher than that in control cases(4.96%).The heritability of esophageal cancer was 46.5±5.56%,Segregation rentio was 0.1456 which was lower than 0.25.It means that the genetic model factor belonged to polygenetics.(5) The analysis of behavior-environment interactions showed that exposure more than one risk factors can not only increase the risk of esophageal cancer. The further analysis of the interaction model between behavior and environment exposure,behavior and inherence, environmental exposures and inherence showed that the interactions between lower BMI,of-ten being fuggy,history of upper disgestive tract disease,or chronic esophagitis, drinking-water polluted,and family history of esophageal cancer presented synergism,so did the ass-ociation between family history of esophageal cancerand hotmeal,batter-cake(dry-rigidity food),alcoholic drinking,pickled-vegetable,in contrast,bean product,greenness vegetables and garlic can antagonize the effect of family history of esophageal.ConclusionEnvironmental factors,inheritance and living-behavior manner play important roles in the progress of esophageal cancer in the high accident area of Dong ping county, and their interactions do especially.The high risk population should be of having the characteristics of risk living-behavior manner exposure to more than one risk factors or have genetic back-ground.To prevent esophageal cancer effectively,we should do follows:First, advising the population living in high accident area to change their behavior habits and adjust meal con-struction.Second,preventing the high risk population from exposing to environmental risk factors,or using environmental protective factors to intervene. Such studiesare expected to shed light on the etiology and prevention of esophageal cancers in the high accident-area, and more researches are needed to understand the relationship among environmental expo-sures,inheritance and genes and their mechanism.