| Objective:To observe the effects of Angong Niuhuang Pill (AGNNHP) on calpainâ…¡,caspase3 expression in hippocampus dentate gyrys neural cells,and the change on nerve cell's ultrastructure, and the performance of spatial learning and memory function in Morris water maze after rat traumatic brain injury(TBl).Methods:SPF(?)Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,trauma group,AGNHP high and low dose treatment group. Then the last 3 groups divided into 24h,3 days,7 days,14 days group, totally 13 groups. After Feeny method mode established then given AGNNHP (0.025g/ml) gavage,16ml/Kg is high-dose,8ml/kg is low dose. Once predetermined time point arrived the brain was removed, lmmunohistochemical expression of calpainâ…¡,caspase3 in hippocampus DG area were analysised by integrated optical density value.Changes of nerve cell's ultrastructural in hippocampal DG area observabled by transmission electron microscope. Before brain specimens collected the 14 days group execute of Morris water maze test.Results:â… Caspase3, calpainâ…¡integral optical density values:â‘ In control group calpainâ…¡expression increased at lday, significantly increased in 3,7 days and then began to decrease, at 14 day is still higher compared sham operation group (p= 0.003<0.05). AGNHP high-dose group compare the low dose group at 1,3,14 days significantly inhibited the expression of calpainâ…¡(p= 0.041, p= 0.08, p= 0.005<0.05),and 14 day relative higher than sham operation group (p<0.05). AGNHP low-dose group compared with the control group at 3,7days inhibited the expression of calpainâ…¡(p= 0.02<0.05, p= 0.03).and 14 day was still higher than sham operation group (p= 004<0.05).â‘¡Control group caspase 3 expression increased at 1,3 days group than the 7,14day groups (p<0.05). AGNHP high-dose group compare to the low dose group at 1,3,14 days significantly inhibited the caspase 3 expression (p<0.05), the 14 day was still higher than sham operation group (p= 0.04<0.05). AGNHP low dose group contrast the control group at 3 day significantly inhibited the caspase3 expression (p<0.05), and 14 day compared to the sham group was still higher (p<0.05).2 Morris water maze test:â‘ Localization navigate experiment:AGNHP high dose intervention14 days group compared to AGNHP low dose interwention 14 days group and trauma14 days group the total time-consuming and navigation distance is significantly reduced (time-consuming the P= 0.01<0.05; navigation distance the P= 0.029,0.003<0.05). High dose14 days group compared with the sham operation 14 days group no significant difference (time-consuming P= 0.675> 0.05; navigation distance P= 0.304> 0.05).â‘¡Space search experiment:With platform effective area retention time and navigate distance the AGNHP high dose intervention 14 days group compared to AGNHP low dose interwention 14 days group and trauma14 days group is significantly increased (retention time P= 0.022.0.003<0.05:navigation distance P= 0.006,0.009<0.05), while to the sham operation 14 days group no difference (retention time P= 0.375> 0.05). low-dose 14 days group than sham operation 14 days group the platform effective area retention time and navigate distance reduced (retention time P= 0.003 <0.05; navigation distance P= 0.013<0.05). The sham operation14 days group platform effective area retention time and navigate distance longer than trauma14 days group (P= 0.018 <0.05). Low-dose 14 days group compared to sham operation group with platform effective area retention time is Shorter (P= 0.013<0.05), while to trauma 14 days group had no difference (P= 0.878> 0.05).3,Nerve cell's ultrastructure of hippocampal DG area: The swelling of nerve cell in trauma 14 days is resolution, but the neurons allotype significantly,No significant difference between AGNHP high dose intervention 14 days group with AGNHP low dose interwention 14 days group, but the nerve cells allotype much better than trauma 14 days group.Conclusion:AGNHP through inhibiting rat hippocampus DG area calpain II,aspase3 activation or biological efficacy, and alleviation the nerve cell's ultrastructure damage to reduce the nerve cell loss. Improve spatial learning, memory function. Play the neuroprotective function after ratTBI...
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