Research On Patterns Of Physical Activity And Effects Of Interventions Among Residents In Communities

1. ObjectiveBy analyzing patterns and influencing factors of physical activity among residents in communities, we could operate physical activity interventions and evaluate its result, thus finding out the main problems in the process of interventions and measures to solve them.2. MethodsWe took 33 neighborhood committees among 5 streets of GongShu District in Hangzhou as survey points, and analyzed the status and influencing factors of physical activity of 506 residents selected randomly. By making up community-healthy-unions which include more than 10 officials such as government, health department, and FDA, we started many methods to intervene this and built up the support system. After one-year interventions, we selected 63 residents to do before-after controlled study and further research for the change of physical activity level after intervention, analyzed the main reasons for unchanged individual.3. ResultsThere is statistical difference of total weekly physical activity (including High level,middle level and walking) amount in educational levels. University (tertiary) and above group had lowest weekly physical activity amount as 1957.04±201.18MET.min, followed by high school (including technical secondary school/technical school) degree group as 2449.12±167.05 MET.min, and Primary and the following degree group has obviously more physical activity amout by 3300.44±370.63 MET.min. There is no statistical difference of total weekly physical activity in sex, age, marriage and job occupation. According to the WHO's recommendation standards that 30 min moderate intensity or high intensity physical activity per person a day at least,72.73% of the residents have a weekly physical activity amount achieve recommended minimum standards.Male weekly physical activity level in different age groups and different education levels have statistically significant differences. Male high & mid physical activity level aged 18～29 have 20 men in group(4.17%),39 men for age 30～49 group(8.13%),15 men for age 50～64 group (10.63%).And the higher age level is, the higher weekly amount of physical activity is. To analyze male high & mid physical activity among education level, high school level(including technical secondary school/technical school)is the highest (13.54%), elementary and the following degree group is lowest (2.5%).About the analysis to enhance willingness of physical activity, research of distribution of different stage of enhancing physical activity discovers that 38.54% of residents never planned to exercise,14.23% of residents considered in last 6 months, and 6.13% attempted to do sports in recent 30 days. Research of distribution of different stage of decreasing time of sitting after work shows that 43.87% of residents never planned to exercise,10.67% of residents considered in last 6 months, and 6.52% attempted to do sports in recent 30 days.In the survey 160 people (31.62%) consider that there are no reasons to do obstacle sports, while 346 people(68.38%) believe there are some kinds of reasons to do it. Analyzing the different factors which obstacle residents from sport, shortage of time, bad weather, weak willingness, and lack of energy are listed as main reasons, occupied 195,143,106,103 people for each and sharing 56.36%,41.33%,30.64%, 29.77% of all residents who think that some kinds of reasons can stop them from sports. Followed by reasons such as poor health, working, families need not attend movement, no interest in sports, no colleagues or too hard, etcTo investigate 63 self-reflection observation objects, it shows that after the intervention weekly different intensity physical activity (including high strength, moderate intensity and walking) increased, but there is no statistically significant. The weekly physical activity amounts of 47 persons (74.60%) achieve recommended minimum standards, and quantity and percentage have no difference after intervention.Between weeks physical activity level before and after intervention, there exists certain change,6 cases in low level and 1 case of medium level of physical activity interventions observable turn to the high level.6 cases of low level before turn to the medium level, but there are 2 cases of high level and 7 cases of the medium level turn to the low. The weekly physical activity of residents is negatively related to the existed physical activity level before and after the intervention.4. ConclusionPhysical activity amount of age below 50 male, high education level residents in this district is in low level, we must pay more attention and concern for it. Individual interventions don't have obvious effect, we should increase our efforts of intervention in the future, but for residents in low level before intervention, physical activity level had been improved. It reminds us that we should not only intensify interventions dynamics for residents in low level, but also cannot ignore to maintain the certain frequency and of the total amount for residents in high and middle level, and urge them to develop and maintain good exercise habits. Proposal for physical activity interventions should be made to establish extensive plan for key partnerships, play an active role among all officials, create support of natural environment, social environment, policy environment and media environment for the goal, and develop the physical activity interventions vigorously in community. In addition, more transportation and fitness activities, which include daily physical activity level and outdoor traveling, should be encouraged.