| Objective:To provide objective and comprehensive description and evaluation on the health status of middle-aged population by investigating the Health Quotient (HQ) of middle-aged patients with chronic illness in county hospitals of Changsha; To provide references for customized health care and help the middle-aged people improve health self-management ability by exploring the factors which have influence on every dimension of HQ.Methods:808 middle-age patients with chronic illness sampled from 4 different county hospitals of Changsha were investigated by a random sampling method from June to October 2009. Two instruments were employed for data collection. Demographic Information Sheet was used to collect subject's individual characteristics (including demographic information and health related variables);Health Quotient Questionaire (including self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status) was used to investigate participants'HQ. Descriptive analysis, ANOVA,t-test, rank sum test and Logistic stepwise regression analysis were performed by the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) V13.0.Results:(1) Among 4 dimensions of HQ, the "mental status" scores highestly, which was 24.73±5.49; "health knowledge" scores lowestly, that was 1.57±0.47, even below the safety threshold of HQ.(2) There were significant differences in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among different age group subject(P<0.05); there were significant differences in the scores of health knowledge and mental status among subjects with different BMI(P<0.05); the differences of scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style,mental status between patients living in urban areas and rural areas were significant(P<0.001);significant differences were found in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among subjects with different degrees of education(P<0.001); significant differences were found in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among subjects with different family incomes(P<0.001); significant differences were found in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among subjects with different family sizes(P<0.001); significant differences were found in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among subjects with different physical examination frequencies(P<0.001); significant differences were found in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among female subjects with different gynecological examination frequencies(P<0.001).(3) The score of self-care dimension is influenced by family address(P<0.001),age group(P<0.05), degree of education (P<0.001), family size(P<0.001),frequency of physical examination (P<0.001), frequency of gynecological examination (P<0.001), family income (P<0.001).Logistic stepwise regression analysis indicates:there were 4 factors which influence the score of self-care dimension, ranked descendingly as follows:physical examination frequency,family address, age group,family income.(4) The score of health knowledge dimension is influenced by BMI(P<0.001),family address(P<0.001),age group(P<0.001),degree of education(P<0.001), family size(P<0.001),family income(P<0.001), frequency of physical examination(P<0.001),frequency of gynecological examination(P<0.001).Logistic stepwise regression analysis indicates: there were 4 factors which influenced the score of health knowledge dimension, ranked descendingly as follows:age group,physical examination frequency,family address, degree of education.(5) The score of life style dimension is influenced by family address(P<0.001),age group(P<0.05),degree of education(P<0.001), family size(P<0.001),family income(P<0.001), frequency of physical examination(P<0.001), frequency of gynecological examination (P<0.001).Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed:there were 4 factors which influenced the score of life style dimension, ranked descendingly as follows:physical examination frequency, family address, age group, family size.(6) The score of mental status dimension is influenced by BMI(P<0.001),family address(P<0.001),age group(P<0.05), degree of education(P<0.001),family size(P<0.001),family income(P<0.001), frequency of physical examination(P<0.001),frequency of gynecological examination(P<0.001).Logistic stepwise regression analysis indicates: there were 3 factors which influenced the score of mental status dimension, ranked descendingly as follows:physical examination frequency,family address,age group.Conclusion:(1) The Health Quotient of middle-age patients with chonic illness in county hospitals of Changsha was not optimistic, especially for the health knowledge dimension, indicating that these patients should be the focus group for the nursing staff to conduct targeted health education.(2) The factors influencing the dimensions of Health Quotient of middle-age patients with chronic illness in county hospitals of Changsha as below:Self-care dimension:frequency of physical examination,family address,age group,family income; health knowledge dimension:age group, frequency of physical examination, family address,degree of education; life style dimension:frequency of physical examination,family address,age group,family size; mental status dimension:frequency of physical examination,family address,age group.According to the corresponding predictors of each dimension of Health Quotient, individualized nursing intervention could be developed and performed.(3) This study suggests that using Health Quotient questionnaire to assess the Health Quotient of middle-age patients with chronic illness in county hospitals of Changsha is feasible and necessary, facilitating to detect patients'existing or potential health problems.For the patients with high risk factors, targeted HQ interventions should be taken actively in nursing to help patients benefit from the short-term recovery and long-term health.
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