| Objective: Cerebrovascular diseases which are one of the three major causes of death have the high rates of morbidity, mortality and disability. Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)accounts for 20%-30% of cases. The mortality which is the highest of cerebrovascular diseases from ICH within the acute period ranges from 30% to 40% . Both the personal and social costs of ICH are high.Some studies have demonstrated that cellular immune function is abnormal after ICH. The study was performed to find the changes of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with ICH. The changes in cellular immune function were compared in patients with different periods, cerebral lesions, hemorrhage volume and the severity of the disease. We attempted to assess the possible risk factors of ICH and obtain the features of the changes of T-lymphocyte subpopulations. The results could reflect the changes of disease and guide the appropriate treatment of ICH which had important clinical value. The purpose of the present study was to reduce the mortality and disability of ICH and improve the patients'qualities.Methods: 35 patients (18 males and 17 females)were admitted to our hospital within 48 hours after ICH whose ages were from 43 to 87 years old and average was 65.00±13.38 years. All patients were diagnosed by clinical standards referred to the fourth national cerebrovascular diseases meeting . And all patients were conformed by cerebral computerized tomography(CT)or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Patients were classified into different groups by cerebral focal lesions, hemorrhage volume and the severity of the disease, and then we observed the features of T-lymphocyte subpopulations every group. We obtained the data through the flow cytometry (FLM) . During the recovery period (from 14 to 21 days), We did the same analysis. At the same time , 35 persons were employed as the normal control group including males 15 cases ,females 20 cases between the ages of 37 to 85 years(averaged 64.17±13.57). There was no statistical significance of age or sex compared with the normal control group. The statistics were made by SPSS13.0 software . All data were expressed as mean±SEM. Differences of measurement data were assessed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple range test(SNK-q test) after testing by normal distribution and homogeneity of variance. Enumeration data were performed by the x2 test and Fisher's exact test . The differences were considered significantly different when P<0.05.Results: 1 Clinical features : Of the 35 ICH patients , there were 27 cases (77.14%)of basal nucleus hemorrhage, 3 cases(8.57%) of parietal lobe hemorrhage, 2 cases (5.71%)of temporal lobe hemorrhage, 2 cases (5.71%) of occipital lobe hemorrhage and 1 case(2.86%) of frontal lobe hemorrhage. As to the hemorrrhage volume: 35 ICH patients contained 5 cses (14.29%) of large volume, 9 cases (25.57%) of medium volume and 21 cases (60.00%) of small volume. As to the severity of disease : 35 patients contained 4 cases (11.43%) of serious severity, 7 cases (11.43%) of moderate severity and 24 cases (68.57%) of minor severity. Of the 35 ICH patients , 18 cases (51.43%) showed dyskinesia, Headache accompanied by vomiting or nausea were present in 15 cases (42.76%). 9 cases (25.71%) felt dizziness, 1 case (2.86%) demonstrated dysfunction in vision and 1 case (2.86%) appeared dysarthria.2 Histories and risk factors : There were 35 people in ICH group incluing 25cases(71.43%) of hypertension, 10 cases(28.57%) of Diabetes Mellitus(DM), 5 cases(14.29%) of hyperlipidemia and 7 cases(20.00%)had the abnomal results of the hemorheology. The normal control group: All persons had the normal results of the hemorheology, cholesterol and triglyceride without hypertension and DM.3 The results of T-lymphocyte subpopulations3.1 The patients had poor T-lymphocyte immune function during the acute period while they had normal immune function during the recovery period . CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T-lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio during the acute period were (60.63±11.07)%, (33.16±11.43)%, (31.64±12.19)% and (1.19±0.62); They were (68.17±8.01)%, (40.04±10.22)%, (29.19±8.03)% and (1.58±0.64) during the recovery period. The results of those during the acute period were lower (P<0.05). As to CD8+ T-lymphocyte, there was no statistical significance between the acute period and the recovery period(P>0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the results of CD3+,CD4+ T-lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio during the acute period were lower than those of the normal control group(P<0.05). There were no significance differences between the recovery period and the normal control group as to all the results(P>0.05).3.2 The more volume of hemorrhage, the lower of T-lymphocyte immune function while the results of small volume of ICH are normal. In the three ICH groups: CD3+, CD4+T-lymphocyte were(44.19±3.73)% and (26.33±3.78)% in larger volume group ; (56.76±8.05)% and (37.63±7.21)% in medium volume group ; (64.72±0.19)% and (37.91±5.35) in small volume group. There were significance differences every two groups of the three as to CD3+,CD4+T-lymphocyte(P<0.05). CD8+T-lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were (26.43±7.03)% and (1.39±0.27) in larger volume group ; (35.60±11.72)% and (1.17±0.76) in medium volume group; (31.66±12.92)% and (1.39±0.76) in small volume group. There were no significance differences as to CD8+T-lymphocyte(P>0.05). In the normal control group: CD3+T-lymphocyte and CD4+T-lymphocyte were much higher than medium volume group and larger volume group. There were significance differences(P<0.05), while there were no significance differences between the normal control group and small volume group as to those results(P>0.05).CD8+T-lymphocyte had no signif-icance difference(P>0.05).3.3 As to the different degrees of disease severity, the persons had poor results of T-lymphocyte immune function under the bad conditions . In three ICH groups: CD3+,CD4+ ,CD8+ T-lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were (42.46±1.98)%, (19.88±3.52), (35.67±6.92)% and (0.67±0.39) in serious severity group; (51.94±4.60)%, (33.26±5.00)%, (31.54±9.76)% and (0.88±0.26) in moderate severity group; (68.76±7.59)%, (45.61±15.65)%, (32.36±9.01)% and (1.69±0.66) in minor severity group. There were no significance differences between moderate severity group and serious severity group as to those results(P>0.05) . All results of minor severity group were much higher than moderate severity group and serious severity group. There were significance differences (P<0.05). In the normal control group: The results of CD3+,CD4+T-lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ in the normal control group were higher than those of moderate severity group and serious severity group(P<0.05). There were no significance differences between the normal control group and minor group as to all the results(P>0.05). There was no significance difference between the normal control group and every ICH group as to CD8+T-lymphocyte(P>0.05).3.4 The patients had more complications with low T-lymphocyte immune function than those with normal immune function. We assessed the ICH patients into two groups: The first group had low immune function of T-lymphocyte while the second group had the normal immune function.There were 23 persons in the first group and 12 people in the second group.There were 13 persons(56.52%) who were atacked by infection in the first group while 2 people(16.67%) in second group. 11 persons(47.83%) appeared BVS in first group while 1 person(8.33%) in the second group. 8 cases(34.78%) were attacked by BVS in first group while nobody had the same disease in second group. 2cases(8.70%) had brain-heart syndrome and 1 case(16.67%) was present with brain-renal syndrome in the first group while 1case (8.33%)had brain-renal syndrome in the second group. The incidence rates of infection and BVS in the first group were higher than those of the second group. There were significance statistically(P<0.05)3.5 Owing to small persons with cerebral lobe hemorrhage,We did not do the statistical analysis as to the results of T-lymphocyte subpopulations with different cerebral focal lesions. Conclusions:1 The result of T-lymphocyte immune function is poor during the acute period while the function is normal during the recovery period.2 The more volume of hemorrhage, the lower of T-lymphocyte immune function while the results of small volume of ICH are normal.3 The ICH patients whose conditions are poor have abnormal T-lymphocyte immune function.4 The incidences of infection and BVS are higher in T-lymphocyte immune function group than low T-lymphocyte immune function group.
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