Ming Dynasty's Geography And Historical-geography

Geography and historical-geography in Ming dynasty are rich in contents,but there has been no special research systems.No matter from the academic history,or from philology,the discussion for their development status and achievements and so on are valuable.From the emphases of related Ming dynasty's literature of geography and historical-geography in Ming dynasty,this article attempts to do preliminary sorting respectively and show its academic value.This article is divided into six parts:The first chapter is a brief introduction of topic significance,academic history and so on.This paper argues that academics lacks special research about the geography and historical-geography of Ming dynasty,especially on historical-geography. So there is the necessities of the study.The second chapter is about history compilation and historical-geography. It mainly shows the achievement, which (《元史·地理志》)and(《元史·河渠志》) recovery the Yuan dynasty'geography,administrative and condition of canal.The third chapter is about chorography with geography and historical-geography. This chapter discusses respectively on part of total-chorography(总志),province-chorography(省志或通志)and Fuzhouxian-chorography(府州县志)Such as Da Ming Qing Lei Tian Wen Fen Ye Zhi Shu(《大明清类天文分野之书》)'s administrative evolution characteristics,Zheng De Qiong Tai Zhi(正德《琼台志》)'s natural geographical features,Wan Li Yun Nan Tong Zhi(万历《云南通志》)'s content of agricultural geography. Thus the Ming dynasty chorography's geography and historical-geography content often appeared in the meantime.The fourth chapter is about other literature's geography and historical-geography. This chapter involves multiple types of work,such as water conservancy works, travel notes,corpus,etc.Among them,Ming dynasty's outstanding achievements in geography mainly reflected in Xuxiake's Travel. His rectification about the source of river not only reflected the attaching importance to on-the-spot investigation in Geography but also has the historical-geography's research component.The fifth chapter is about Ming dynasty's history-cartography and cartography. In Ming dynasty, there are different types of historical maps.Through research,I point that its mainly progress is in layout and application. In cartography of Ming dynasty, through the research of Guang Yu Tu(《广舆图》)and Zheng He Hang Hai Tu(《郑和航海图》)I point that the development level of Ming dynasty's cartography is higher than its history-cartography.The last is the conclusion of full-text. I consider that the achievement of historical-geography is inferior to geography's in Ming dynasty.But in Ming dynasty, historical-geography also got some achievements, with Ming dynasty's geography, and laid a foundation for the prosperity of Qing dynasty's geography and historical-geography.